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arXiv:1810.00131 · Optics Communications

Quantum interferometry via a coherent state mixed with a photon-added squeezed vacuum state

Shuai Wang, Xue-xiang Xu, Ye‐Jun Xu, Lijian Zhang

Published Mar 28, 2019• 25 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1016/j.optcom.2019.03.068

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We theoretically investigate the phase sensitivity with parity measurement on a Mach–Zehnder interferometer with a coherent state combined with a squeezed number state. Within a constraint on the total mean photon number, we find, via parity measurement, that the mixing of a coherent state and squeezed number state can give better phase sensitivity than mixing a coherent state and squeezed vacuum state when the phase shift deviates from the optimal phase φ =0. In addition, we show that the classical Fisher information for parity measurement saturates the quantum Fisher information when the phase shift approaches to zero. Thus, the quantum Cramér–Rao bound can be reached via the parity measurement in the case of φ =0.

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Hofmann and Ono [Phys. Rev. A76, 031806, (2007)] showed that the mixing of coherent light and single-mode squeezed light at a beam splitter gives good approximation results in a superposition of path-entangled photon number states (so-called N00N states), which can be used for phase-shift measurements by coincident detections at the output of an interferometer. They showed that N00N states for arbitrary photon number N could be produced by this procedure. Afek et al. [Science328, 879 (2010)] have implemented the Hofmann–Ono proposal in the laboratory. In this paper, we show that, for a given coherent state amplitude and a given squeezing parameter, the mixing of coherent states and photon-subtracted squeezed vacuum states at the first beam splitter of an interferometer leads to improved phase-shift measurement sensitivity when using the photon-number detection technique on one of the output beams of the device. We also show that the phase-shift measurements will also be super-resolved to a greater degree than is possible by mixing coherent and squeezed vacuum light of the same field parameters.
We theoretically investigate the phase sensitivity with parity measurement on a Mach–Zehnder interferometer with a coherent state combined with a squeezed number state. Within a constraint on the total mean photon number, we find, via parity measurement, that the mixing of a coherent state and squeezed number state can give better phase sensitivity than mixing a coherent state and squeezed vacuum state when the phase shift deviates from the optimal phase φ =0. In addition, we show that the classical Fisher information for parity measurement saturates the quantum Fisher information when the phase shift approaches to zero. Thus, the quantum Cramér–Rao bound can be reached via the parity measurement in the case of φ =0.