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arXiv:1807.04031 · Physical review. B./Physical review. B

Charger-mediated energy transfer in exactly solvable models for quantum batteries

Gian Marcello Andolina, Donato Farina, Andrea Mari, Vittorio Pellegrini, Vittorio Giovannetti, Marco Polini

Published Nov 26, 2018• 253 citations
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Abstract

We present a systematic analysis and classification of several models of quantum batteries involving different combinations of two-level systems and quantum harmonic oscillators. In particular, we study energy-transfer processes from a given quantum system, termed a ``charger,'' to another one, i.e., the proper ``battery.'' In this setting, we analyze different figures of merit, including the charging time, the maximum energy transfer, and the average charging power. The role of coupling Hamiltonians which do not preserve the number of local excitations in the charger-battery system is clarified by properly accounting for them in the global energy balance of the model.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.98.205423

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We present a systematic analysis and classification of several models of quantum batteries involving different combinations of two-level systems and quantum harmonic oscillators. In particular, we study energy-transfer processes from a given quantum system, termed a charger,'' to another one, i.e., the proper battery.'' In this setting, we analyze different figures of merit, including the charging time, the maximum energy transfer, and the average charging power. The role of coupling Hamiltonians which do not preserve the number of local excitations in the charger-battery system is clarified by properly accounting for them in the global energy balance of the model.
Abstract The energy charging of quantum battery is analysed by open quantum approach. The modelled of the charger and battery are described by harmonic oscillator model. We choose this model because the harmonic oscillator battery gives the largest maximum energy albeit having the longest maximum time. In this paper, the interaction as actual quantum system whose dynamic is determined by Lindblad Master Equation in terms of constant is a step function to set the time when energy flow and what time that energy stop to flow or the interaction between charger and battery has stopped. The energy equation was determined by solving the master equation with second order differential equation to find the first momenta from charger and battery. Based on the equation, the energy of charger will not be zero which mean after interaction in several times, the charger will not one hundred percent lose its energy when the energy storage in battery already done.
The coherent energy transfer between two identical two-level systems is investigated. Here, the first quantum system plays the role of a charger, while the second can be seen as a quantum battery. Firstly, a direct energy transfer between the two objects is considered and then compared to a transfer mediated by an additional intermediate two-level system. In this latter case, it is possible to distinguish between a two-step process, where the energy is firstly transferred from the charger to the mediator and only after from the mediator to the battery, and a single-step in which the two transfers occurs simultaneously. The differences between these configurations are discussed in the framework of an analytically solvable model completing what recently discussed in literature.
We propose an approach for the optimization of the charging of harmonic oscillators (quantum batteries) coupled to a harmonic oscillator (charger), driven by a laser field. We demonstrate that energy transfer limitations can be significantly mitigated in the presence of catalyst systems, mediating between the charger and quantum batteries. We show that these catalyst systems, either qubits or harmonic oscillators, enhance the amount of energy transferred to quantum batteries, while they themselves store almost no energy. It eliminates the need for optimizing the frequency of the charging laser field whose optimal value in the bare setting depends on the coupling strengths between the charger and the batteries.
We study the charging process of open quantum batteries mediated by a common dissipative environment in two different scenarios. In the first case, we consider a quantum charger-battery model in the presence of a non-Markovian environment, where the battery can be properly charged in a strong coupling regime, without any external power and any direct interaction with the charger, i.e., a wireless-like charging happens. The environment plays a major role in the charging of the battery, while this does not happen in a weak coupling regime. In the second scenario, we show the effect of individual and collective spontaneous emission rates on the charging process of quantum batteries by considering a two-qubit system in the presence of Markovian dynamics. Our results demonstrate that open batteries can be satisfactorily charged in Markovian dynamics by employing an underdamped regime and/or strong external fields. We also present a robust battery by taking into account subradiant states and an intermediate regime. Moreover, we propose an experimental setup to explore the ergotropy in the first scenario.