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arXiv:1807.01602

Counterfactual Quantum Bit Commitment

Yaqi Song, Li Yang

Published Jul 3, 2018• 0 citations
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Abstract

We propose a framework of bit commitment protocol using a comparison scheme and present a compound comparison scheme based on counterfactual cryptography. Finally, we propose a counterfactual quantum bit commitment protocol. In security analysis, we give the proper security parameters for counterfactual quantum bit commitment and prove that intercept attack and intercept/resend attack are ineffective attack for our protocol. In addition, we explain that counterfactual quantum bit commitment protocol cannot be attacked with no-go theorem attack by current technology.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1807.01602

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We propose a framework of bit commitment protocol using a comparison scheme and present a compound comparison scheme based on counterfactual cryptography. Finally, we propose a counterfactual quantum bit commitment protocol. In security analysis, we give the proper security parameters for counterfactual quantum bit commitment and prove that intercept attack and intercept/resend attack are ineffective attack for our protocol. In addition, we explain that counterfactual quantum bit commitment protocol cannot be attacked with no-go theorem attack by current technology.
A semi-counterfactual quantum bit commitment (SCQBC) protocol is presented here for the first time, which makes use of counterfactual property. Similar to a counterfactual quantum key distribution scheme, half-photons are not transmitted through the quantum channel in our proposed protocol. In the SCQBC protocol, Bob, the verification party of the quantum bit commitment (QBC), sends the states while Alice, the commitment party, receives. Since Alice cannot receive all the states and entangle the commit bits with the verifier's registers, it is not subject to Mayers' and Lo-Chau's no-go theorem. In addition, a general bit commitment framework can be extracted from the SCQBC scheme, which opens up a new class of cryptographic protocols in counterfactual cryptography.
In classical cryptography, the bit commitment scheme is one of the most important primitives. We review the state of the art of bit commitment protocols, emphasizing its main achievements and applications. Next, we present a practical quantum bit commitment scheme, whose security relies on current technological limitations, such as the lack of long-term stable quantum memories. We demonstrate the feasibility of our practical quantum bit commitment protocol and that it can be securely implemented with nowadays technology.