Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:1806.06938 · Special Matrices

Infinite dimensional generalizations of Choi’s Theorem

Shmuel Friedland

Published Jan 1, 2019• 1 citation
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Abstract In this paper we give a simple sequence of necessary and sufficient finite dimensional conditions for a positive map between certain subspaces of bounded linear operators on separable Hilbert spaces to be completely positive. These criterions are natural generalization of Choi’s characterization for completely positive maps between pairs of linear operators on finite dimensional Hilbert spaces. We apply our conditions to a completely positive map between two trace class operators on separable Hilbert spaces. A completely positive map μ is called a quantum channel, if it is trace preserving, and μ is called a quantum subchannel if it decreases the trace of a positive operator.We give simple neccesary and sufficient condtions for μ to be a quantum subchannel.We show that μ is a quantum subchannel if and only if it hasHellwig-Kraus representation. The last result extends the classical results of Kraus and the recent result of Holevo for characterization of a quantum channel.

DOI
10.1515/spma-2019-0006

Related papers

Infinite dimensional generalizations of Choi’s Theorem

Shmuel Friedland

In this paper we give a simple sequence of necessary and sufficient finite dimensional conditions for a positive map between certain subspaces of bounded linear operators on separable Hilbert spaces to be completely positive. These criterions are natural generalization of Choi’s characterization for completely positive maps between pairs of linear operators on finite dimensional Hilbert spaces. We apply our conditions to a completely positive map between two trace class operators on separable Hilbert spaces. A completely positive map μ is called a quantum channel, if it is trace preserving, and μ is called a quantum subchannel if it decreases the trace of a positive operator.We give simple neccesary and sufficient condtions for μ to be a quantum subchannel.We show that μ is a quantum subchannel if and only if it hasHellwig-Kraus representation. The last result extends the classical results of Kraus and the recent result of Holevo for characterization of a quantum channel.

•Jul 1, 2019•7 citations

0 A CHARACTERIZATION OF POSITIVE LINEAR MAPS AND CRITERIA OF ENTANGLEMENT FOR QUANTUM STATES

Jinchuan Hou

Let $H$ and $K$ be (finite or infinite dimensional) complex Hilbert spaces. A characterization of positive completely bounded normal linear maps from ${\mathcal B}(H)$ into ${\mathcal B}(K)$ is given, which particularly gives a characterization of positive elementary operators including all positive linear maps between matrix algebras. This characterization is then applied give a representation of quantum channels (operations) between infinite-dimensional systems. A necessary and sufficient criterion of separability is give which shows that a state $\rho$ on $H\otimes K$ is separable if and only if $(\Phi\otimes I)\rho\geq 0$ for all positive finite rank elementary operators $\Phi$. Examples of NCP and indecomposable positive linear maps are given and are used to recognize some entangled states that cannot be recognized by the PPT criterion and the realignment criterion.

•Aug 16, 2016•41 citations

From the Choi formalism in infinite dimensions to unique decompositions of generators of completely positive dynamical semigroups

Frederik vom Ende

Given any separable complex Hilbert space, any trace-class operator [Formula: see text] which does not have purely imaginary trace, and any generator [Formula: see text] of a norm-continuous one-parameter semigroup of completely positive maps we prove that there exists a unique bounded operator [Formula: see text] and a unique completely positive map [Formula: see text] such that (i) [Formula: see text], (ii) the superoperator [Formula: see text] is trace class and has vanishing trace, and (iii) [Formula: see text] is a real number. Central to our proof is a modified version of the Choi formalism which relates completely positive maps to positive semi-definite operators. We characterize when this correspondence is injective and surjective, respectively, which in turn explains why the proof idea of our main result cannot extend to non-separable Hilbert spaces. In particular, we find examples of positive semi-definite operators which have empty pre-image under the Choi formalism as soon as the underlying Hilbert space is infinite-dimensional.

arXiv:2401.14344•Infinite Dimensional Analysis Quantum Probability and Related Topics•Jul 19, 2024•0 citations

Duality between quantum channels and super-channels is basis-dependent

S Sohail, Sahil, Ritabrata Sengupta +1 more

The complete positivity vs positivity correspondence in the Choi-Jamiołkowski-Kraus-Sudarshan quantum channel-state isomorphism depends on the choice of basis. Instead of the "canonical" basis, if we use, e.g., the Pauli spin matrices along with the identity as the basis for the space of bounded operators on the two-dimensional complex Hilbert space, this correspondence breaks down. A sufficient condition on the basis for validity of this correspondence is provided in the work of Paulsen and Shult~\cite{Paulsen}, which was later proven to be necessary by Kye~\cite{Kye}. A correspondence is also present between the space of super-maps and the tensor product of the spaces of the inputs and outputs of the same. In particular, a super-map is completely CP-preserving if and only if its Choi-type representation is completely positive (CP). This correspondence also depends on a specific choice of basis. In this work, we find the necessary and sufficient condition on a basis such that this correspondence holds true.

arXiv:2306.16395•Jun 28, 2023•0 citations

Quantum $U$-channels on $S$-spaces

Priyabrata Bag, Azad Rohilla, Harsh K. Trivedi

If the symmetry, (an operator $J$ satisfying $J=J^*=J^{-1}$) which defines the Krein space, is replaced by a (not necessarily self-adjoint) unitary, then we have the notion of an $S$-space which was introduced by Szafraniec. In this paper, we consider $S$-spaces and study the structure of completely $U$-positive maps between the algebras of bounded linear operators. We first give a Stinespring-type representation for a completely $U$-positive map. On the other hand, we introduce Choi $U$-matrix of a linear map and establish the equivalence of the Kraus $U$-decompositions and Choi $U$-matrices. Then we study properties of nilpotent completely $U$-positive maps. We develop the $U$-PPT criterion for separability of quantum $U$-states and discuss the entanglement breaking condition of quantum $U$-channels and explore $U$-PPT squared conjecture. Finally, we give concrete examples of completely $U$-positive maps and examples of $3 \otimes 3$ quantum $U$-states which are $U$-entangled and $U$-separable.

arXiv:2404.18160•Apr 28, 2024•0 citations

Fixed Points of Completely Positive Trace-Preserving Maps in Infinite Dimension

Roderich Tumulka, Jonte Weixler

Completely positive trace-preserving maps $S$, also known as quantum channels, arise in quantum physics as a description of how the density operator $ρ$ of a system changes in a given time interval, allowing not only for unitary evolution but arbitrary operations including measurements or other interaction with an environment. It is known that if the Hilbert space $\mathscr{H}$ that $ρ$ acts on is finite-dimensional, then every $S$ must have a fixed point, i.e., a density operator $ρ_0$ with $S(ρ_0)=ρ_0$. In infinite dimension, $S$ need not have a fixed point in general. However, we prove here the existence of a fixed point under a certain additional assumption which is, roughly speaking, that $S$ leaves invariant a certain set of density operators with bounded ``cost'' of preparation. The proof is an application of the Schauder-Tychonoff fixed point theorem. Our motivation for this question comes from a proposal of Deutsch for how to define quantum theory in a space-time with closed timelike curves; our result supports the viability of Deutsch's proposal.

arXiv:2411.14800•Nov 22, 2024•0 citations
Abstract In this paper we give a simple sequence of necessary and sufficient finite dimensional conditions for a positive map between certain subspaces of bounded linear operators on separable Hilbert spaces to be completely positive. These criterions are natural generalization of Choi’s characterization for completely positive maps between pairs of linear operators on finite dimensional Hilbert spaces. We apply our conditions to a completely positive map between two trace class operators on separable Hilbert spaces. A completely positive map μ is called a quantum channel, if it is trace preserving, and μ is called a quantum subchannel if it decreases the trace of a positive operator.We give simple neccesary and sufficient condtions for μ to be a quantum subchannel.We show that μ is a quantum subchannel if and only if it hasHellwig-Kraus representation. The last result extends the classical results of Kraus and the recent result of Holevo for characterization of a quantum channel.
In this paper we give a simple sequence of necessary and sufficient finite dimensional conditions for a positive map between certain subspaces of bounded linear operators on separable Hilbert spaces to be completely positive. These criterions are natural generalization of Choi’s characterization for completely positive maps between pairs of linear operators on finite dimensional Hilbert spaces. We apply our conditions to a completely positive map between two trace class operators on separable Hilbert spaces. A completely positive map μ is called a quantum channel, if it is trace preserving, and μ is called a quantum subchannel if it decreases the trace of a positive operator.We give simple neccesary and sufficient condtions for μ to be a quantum subchannel.We show that μ is a quantum subchannel if and only if it hasHellwig-Kraus representation. The last result extends the classical results of Kraus and the recent result of Holevo for characterization of a quantum channel.
Let HHH and KKK be (finite or infinite dimensional) complex Hilbert spaces. A characterization of positive completely bounded normal linear maps from B(H){\mathcal B}(H)B(H) into B(K){\mathcal B}(K)B(K) is given, which particularly gives a characterization of positive elementary operators including all positive linear maps between matrix algebras. This characterization is then applied give a representation of quantum channels (operations) between infinite-dimensional systems. A necessary and sufficient criterion of separability is give which shows that a state ρ\rhoρ on H⊗KH\otimes KH⊗K is separable if and only if (Φ⊗I)ρ≥0(\Phi\otimes I)\rho\geq 0(Φ⊗I)ρ≥0 for all positive finite rank elementary operators Φ\PhiΦ. Examples of NCP and indecomposable positive linear maps are given and are used to recognize some entangled states that cannot be recognized by the PPT criterion and the realignment criterion.
Given any separable complex Hilbert space, any trace-class operator [Formula: see text] which does not have purely imaginary trace, and any generator [Formula: see text] of a norm-continuous one-parameter semigroup of completely positive maps we prove that there exists a unique bounded operator [Formula: see text] and a unique completely positive map [Formula: see text] such that (i) [Formula: see text], (ii) the superoperator [Formula: see text] is trace class and has vanishing trace, and (iii) [Formula: see text] is a real number. Central to our proof is a modified version of the Choi formalism which relates completely positive maps to positive semi-definite operators. We characterize when this correspondence is injective and surjective, respectively, which in turn explains why the proof idea of our main result cannot extend to non-separable Hilbert spaces. In particular, we find examples of positive semi-definite operators which have empty pre-image under the Choi formalism as soon as the underlying Hilbert space is infinite-dimensional.
The complete positivity vs positivity correspondence in the Choi-Jamiołkowski-Kraus-Sudarshan quantum channel-state isomorphism depends on the choice of basis. Instead of the "canonical" basis, if we use, e.g., the Pauli spin matrices along with the identity as the basis for the space of bounded operators on the two-dimensional complex Hilbert space, this correspondence breaks down. A sufficient condition on the basis for validity of this correspondence is provided in the work of Paulsen and Shult~\cite{Paulsen}, which was later proven to be necessary by Kye~\cite{Kye}. A correspondence is also present between the space of super-maps and the tensor product of the spaces of the inputs and outputs of the same. In particular, a super-map is completely CP-preserving if and only if its Choi-type representation is completely positive (CP). This correspondence also depends on a specific choice of basis. In this work, we find the necessary and sufficient condition on a basis such that this correspondence holds true.
Quantum UUU-channels on SSS-spaces
If the symmetry, (an operator JJJ satisfying J=J∗=J−1J=J^*=J^{-1}J=J∗=J−1) which defines the Krein space, is replaced by a (not necessarily self-adjoint) unitary, then we have the notion of an SSS-space which was introduced by Szafraniec. In this paper, we consider SSS-spaces and study the structure of completely UUU-positive maps between the algebras of bounded linear operators. We first give a Stinespring-type representation for a completely UUU-positive map. On the other hand, we introduce Choi UUU-matrix of a linear map and establish the equivalence of the Kraus UUU-decompositions and Choi UUU-matrices. Then we study properties of nilpotent completely UUU-positive maps. We develop the UUU-PPT criterion for separability of quantum UUU-states and discuss the entanglement breaking condition of quantum UUU-channels and explore UUU-PPT squared conjecture. Finally, we give concrete examples of completely UUU-positive maps and examples of 3⊗33 \otimes 33⊗3 quantum UUU-states which are UUU-entangled and UUU-separable.
Completely positive trace-preserving maps SSS, also known as quantum channels, arise in quantum physics as a description of how the density operator ρρρ of a system changes in a given time interval, allowing not only for unitary evolution but arbitrary operations including measurements or other interaction with an environment. It is known that if the Hilbert space H\mathscr{H}H that ρρρ acts on is finite-dimensional, then every SSS must have a fixed point, i.e., a density operator ρ0ρ_0ρ0​ with S(ρ0)=ρ0S(ρ_0)=ρ_0S(ρ0​)=ρ0​. In infinite dimension, SSS need not have a fixed point in general. However, we prove here the existence of a fixed point under a certain additional assumption which is, roughly speaking, that SSS leaves invariant a certain set of density operators with bounded ``cost'' of preparation. The proof is an application of the Schauder-Tychonoff fixed point theorem. Our motivation for this question comes from a proposal of Deutsch for how to define quantum theory in a space-time with closed timelike curves; our result supports the viability of Deutsch's proposal.