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arXiv:1711.07308 · International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics

Properties of Phase Space Wavefunctions and Eigenvalue Equation of Momentum Dispersion Operator

Ravo Tokiniaina Ranaivoson

Published Jan 1, 2018• 1 citation
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Abstract

This paper is a continuation of our previous works about coordinate, momentum, dispersion operators and phase space representation of quantum mechanics. It concerns a study on the properties of wavefunctions in the phase space representation and the momentum dispersion operator, its representations and eigenvalue equation. After the recall of some results from our previous papers, we give most of the main properties of the phase space wavefunctions and consider some examples of them. Then we establish the eigenvalue equation for the differential operator corresponding to the momentum dispersion operator in the phase space representation. It is shown in particular that any phase space wavefunction is solution of this equation.

DOI
10.11648/j.ijamtp.20180401.12

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This paper is a continuation of our previous works about coordinate, momentum, dispersion operators and phase space representation of quantum mechanics. It concerns a study on the properties of wavefunctions in the phase space representation and the momentum dispersion operator, its representations and eigenvalue equation. After the recall of some results from our previous papers, we give most of the main properties of the phase space wavefunctions and consider some examples of them. Then we establish the eigenvalue equation for the differential operator corresponding to the momentum dispersion operator in the phase space representation. It is shown in particular that any phase space wavefunction is solution of this equation.
This paper is a continuation of our previous works concerning coordinate, momentum, dispersion operators and phase space representation of quantum mechanics. It deals with the properties of momentum dispersion operator, its representations, eigenvalue equation and its relations with the wavefunctions in the phase space representation. After recalling some results from our previous works, we perform a study concerning the phase space wavefunctions and consider some example of them. Then we establish the eigenvalue equation for the differential operator corresponding to the momentum dispersion operator in the phase space representation. It is shown in particular that any wavefunction in phase space representation is solution of this equation.
The aim of this paper is to present a study on the representations of coordinate, momentum and dispersion operators in the framework of a phase space representation of quantum mechanics that we have introduced and studied in previous works. We begin in the introduction section with a recall about the concept of representation of operators on wave function spaces. Then, we show that in the case of the phase space representation the coordinate and momentum operators can be represented either with differential operators or with matrices. The explicit expressions of both the differential operators and matrices representations are established. Multidimensional generalization of the obtained results are performed and phase space representation of dispersion operators are given.
We present a study on linear canonical transformation in the framework of a phase space representation of quantum mechanics that we have introduced in our previous work [1]. We begin with a brief recall about the so called phase space representation. We give the definition of linear canonical transformation with the transformation law of coordinate and momentum operators. We establish successively the transformation laws of mean values, dispersions, basis state and wave functions. Then we introduce the concept of isodispersion linear canonical transformation.
We formulate the standard quantum mechanical eigenvalue problem in quantum phase space. The equation obtained involves the c-function that corresponds to the quantum operator. We use the Wigner distribution for the phase space function. We argue that the phase space eigenvalue equation obtained has, in addition to the proper solutions, improper solutions. That is, solutions for which no wave function exists which could generate the distribution. We discuss the conditions for ascertaining whether a position momentum function is a proper phase space distribution. We call these conditions psi-representability conditions, and show that if these conditions are imposed, one extracts the correct phase space eigenfunctions. We also derive the phase space eigenvalue equation for arbitrary phase space distributions functions. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A quantum mechanical representation suitable for studying the time evolution of quantum densities in phase space is proposed and examined in detail. This representation on ℒ2 (2) phase space is based on definitions of the operators P̂ and Q̂ in phase space that satisfy various correspondences for the Liouville equation in classical and quantum phase space, as well as quantum position and momentum ℒ2 (1) spaces. The definitions presented here, P̂=p/2−iℏ∂/∂q and Q̂=q/2+iℏ∂/∂p, are related to definitions that have been recently proposed [J. Chem. Phys. 93, 8862 (1990)]. The resulting quantum phase space representation shares many of the mathematical properties of usual representations in coordinate and momentum spaces. Within this representation, time evolution equations for complex-valued functions (wave functions) and their square magnitudes (distribution functions) are derived, and it is shown that the coordinate and momentum space time evolution equations can be recovered by a simple Fourier projection. The phase space quantum probability conservation equation obtained is a good illustration of the quantization rule that requires one to replace the classical Poisson bracket between the Hamiltonian and the probability density with the quantum commutator between the corresponding operators. The possible classical analogs to quantum probabilities densities are also considered and some of the present results are illustrated for the dynamics of the coherent state.
This paper deals with certain aspects of the phase-space formulation of quantum mechanics. Noting the ambiguities involved in quantizing the classical phase-space dynamics, a generalized quantum-mechanical phase space is introduced in terms of eigenvalues of two mutually incompatible complete sets of operators. General definitions are given for the phase-space distribution function corresponding to a given abstract state of the system and the phase-space function for an arbitrary operator. Our formulation goes over to the Wigner formulation when the complete sets correspond to position and momentum operators in Cartesian coordinates. Explicit examples are discussed with use of action-angle and polar coordinates for simple one-, two-, and three-dimensional systems. Symmetry changes in phase space are discussed by applying Gel'fand-Levitan transformations and it is shown that, in general, the degeneracies of motion in phase space are not reflected in the energy eigenvalues.