We study the asymptotic dynamics of open quantum systems in the Heisenberg picture. We find an explicit expression for the attractor subspace and the dynamics that takes place in it. We present the relationship between the attractor subspaces in the Schrödinger and Heisenberg pictures and, in particular, the connection between their algebraic structures. An unfolding theorem of the asymptotics, as well as the fine structure of the recently introduced Choi-Effros decoherence-free algebra, are also discussed. Finally, we show how to extend all the results to the class of Schwarz maps.We study the asymptotic dynamics of open quantum systems in the Heisenberg picture. We find an explicit expression for the attractor subspace and the dynamics that takes place in it. We present the relationship between the attractor subspaces in the Schrödinger and Heisenberg pictures and, in particular, the connection between their algebraic structures. An unfolding theorem of the asymptotics, as well as the fine structure of the recently introduced Choi-Effros decoherence-free algebra, are also discussed. Finally, we show how to extend all the results to the class of Schwarz maps.

quant-pharXiv:2511.17770Open Systems & Information DynamicsNov 25, 20251 citation

Asymptotic properties of quantum Markov chains

J Novotný, G Alber, I Jex

The asymptotic dynamics of discrete quantum Markov chains generated by the most general physically relevant quantum operations is investigated. It is shown that it is confined to an attractor space in which the resulting quantum Markov chain is diagonalizable. A construction procedure of a basis of this attractor space and its associated dual basis of 1-forms is presented. It is applicable whenever a strictly positive quantum state exists which is contracted or left invariant by the generating quantum operation. Moreover, algebraic relations between the attractor space and Kraus operators involved in the definition of a quantum Markov chain are derived. This construction is not only expected to offer significant computational advantages in cases in which the dimension of the Hilbert space is large and the dimension of the attractor space is small, but it also sheds new light onto the relation between the asymptotic dynamics of discrete quantum Markov chains and fixed points of their generating quantum operations. Finally, we show that without any restriction our construction applies to all initial states whose support belongs to the so-called recurrent subspace.The asymptotic dynamics of discrete quantum Markov chains generated by the most general physically relevant quantum operations is investigated. It is shown that it is confined to an attractor space in which the resulting quantum Markov chain is diagonalizable. A construction procedure of a basis of this attractor space and its associated dual basis of 1-forms is presented. It is applicable whenever a strictly positive quantum state exists which is contracted or left invariant by the generating quantum operation. Moreover, algebraic relations between the attractor space and Kraus operators involved in the definition of a quantum Markov chain are derived. This construction is not only expected to offer significant computational advantages in cases in which the dimension of the Hilbert space is large and the dimension of the attractor space is small, but it also sheds new light onto the relation between the asymptotic dynamics of discrete quantum Markov chains and fixed points of their generating quantum operations. Finally, we show that without any restriction our construction applies to all initial states whose support belongs to the so-called recurrent subspace.

arXiv:1208.0764Journal of Physics A Mathematical and TheoreticalNov 19, 201222 citations

On the structure of quantum Markov processes

Carlo Cecchini

QP-PQ, quantum probability and white noise analysisJul 4, 19941 citation

On quantum Markovian processes

Andrzej Posiewnik

Reports on Mathematical PhysicsOct 1, 19771 citation

Attractors and asymptotic dynamics of open discrete-time quantum walks on cycles

Adam S. Sajna, T. P. Polak, Antoni Wójcik +1 more

Open quantum walks often lead to a classical asymptotic behavior. Here we look for a simple open quantum walk whose asymptotic behavior can be nonclassical. We consider a discrete-time quantum walk on an $n$ -cycle subject to a random coin-dependent phase shift at a single position. This finite system, whose evolution is described by only two Kraus operators, can exhibit all kinds of asymptotic behavior observable in quantum Markov chains: It either evolves towards a maximally mixed state, or partially mixed state, or tends to an oscillatory motion on an asymptotic orbit. We find that the asymptotic orbits do not have a product structure; therefore, the corresponding states can manifest entanglement between the position and the coin degrees of freedom, even if the system started in a product state.Open quantum walks often lead to a classical asymptotic behavior. Here we look for a simple open quantum walk whose asymptotic behavior can be nonclassical. We consider a discrete-time quantum walk on an $n$-cycle subject to a random coin-dependent phase shift at a single position. This finite system, whose evolution is described by only two Kraus operators, can exhibit all kinds of asymptotic behavior observable in quantum Markov chains: It either evolves towards a maximally mixed state, or partially mixed state, or tends to an oscillatory motion on an asymptotic orbit. We find that the asymptotic orbits do not have a product structure; therefore, the corresponding states can manifest entanglement between the position and the coin degrees of freedom, even if the system started in a product state.

arXiv:1908.01844Physical Review ANov 18, 20192 citations

n

-cycle subject to a random coin-dependent phase shift at a single position. This finite system, whose evolution is described by only two Kraus operators, can exhibit all kinds of asymptotic behavior observable in quantum Markov chains: It either evolves towards a maximally mixed state, or partially mixed state, or tends to an oscillatory motion on an asymptotic orbit. We find that the asymptotic orbits do not have a product structure; therefore, the corresponding states can manifest entanglement between the position and the coin degrees of freedom, even if the system started in a product state.