Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:1710.10567 · New Journal of Physics

Composite boson signature in the interference pattern of atomic dimer condensates

Shiue-Yuan Shiau, Aurélia Chenu, Monique Combescot

Published Mar 5, 2019• 4 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We predict the existence of high frequency modes in the interference pattern of two condensates made of fermionic-atom dimers. These modes, which result from fermion exchanges between condensates, constitute a striking signature of the dimer composite nature. From the 2-coboson spatial correlation function, that we derive analytically, and the Shiva diagrams that visualize many-body effects specific to composite bosons, we identify the physical origin of these high frequency modes and determine the conditions to see them experimentally by using bound fermionic-atom pairs trapped on optical lattice sites. The dimer granularity which appears in these modes comes from Pauli blocking that prevents two dimers to be located at the same lattice site.

DOI
10.1088/1367-2630/ab0cc6

Related papers

Pauli exclusion principle on the collision of composite boson condensates and the resulting interference pattern

Shiue-Yuan Shiau, Aurélia Chenu, Monique Combescot

Any experimental realization of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) deals with composite bosons (cobosons), which are quasi-particles made of fermion pairs that suffer Pauli blocking. We evidence that the prime consequence of the Pauli exclusion principle is to prevent cobosons from having their centers of mass located at the same position within their spatial extension. We moreover predict a many-body effect induced by Pauli blocking that leads to high interference wave modes resulting from fermion exchanges between two colliding coboson condensates. These two effects can be detected by measuring spatial correlation functions. We here propose an original procedure to exactly derive such correlation functions for Frenkel-like cobosons characterized by just their momentum. We physically extend the obtained results to more complex Wannier-like cobosons that have an additional relative motion index. In addition to revealing the physics involved in results previously obtained for elementary boson condensates, we use Shiva diagrams to show how it is changed for cobosons. The predictions we here present, established for matter bosons, are directly applicable to experiments.

•Oct 29, 2017•0 citations

Coboson many-body formalism for cold-atom dimers with attraction between different fermion species only

Monique Combescot, Shiue-Yuan Shiau, Yia‐Chung Chang

Unlike the Coulomb potential that acts between all semiconductor carriers, the potential commonly used for BCS superconductors and cold-atom gases acts between different fermion species only, these species differing by their spin or hyperfine index. The coboson formalism we develop here evidences that such composite bosons interact through fermion exchange only, thus rendering the structure of the Shiva diagrams that visualize their many-body effects far simpler. A separable potential is used to obtain analytical results for the $N$-coboson normalization factor and the $N$-coboson ground-state energy within the Born approximation, in terms of the Born dimer-dimer scattering length. This formalism opens the route toward approaching complex many-body effects, such as Bose-Einstein condensation, through a different perspective.

arXiv:1510.03134•Physical Review A•Jan 25, 2016•16 citations

Shiva and Kali diagrams for composite quantum particle many-body effects

Monique Combescot, Odile Betbeder-Matibet

For half a century, Feynman diagrams have provided an enlightening way of representing many-body effects between elementary fermions and bosons. They however are quite inappropriate to visualize fermion exchanges taking place between a large number of composite quantum particles. We propose to replace them by "Shiva diagrams" for cobosons made of two fermions and by Shiva-like and "Kali diagrams" for cofermions made of three fermions. We also show how these fermion exchanges formally appear in a many-body theory appropriate to composite quantum particles. This theory relies on an operator algebra based on commutators and anticommutators, the usual scalar algebra based on Green functions being valid for elementary bosons or fermions having strict commutation relations, only.

arXiv:0902.4588•Feb 26, 2009•1 citation

Universal Dimerized Quantum Droplets in a One-Dimensional Lattice

Ivan Morera, G. E. Astrakharchik, A. Polls +1 more

The ground-state properties of two-component bosonic mixtures in a one-dimensional optical lattice are studied both from few- and many-body perspectives. We rely directly on a microscopic Hamiltonian with attractive intercomponent and repulsive intracomponent interactions to demonstrate the formation of a quantum liquid. We reveal that its formation and stability can be interpreted in terms of finite-range interactions between dimers. We derive an effective model of composite bosons (dimers) which correctly captures both the few- and many-body properties and validate it against exact results obtained by the density matrix renormalization group method for the full Hamiltonian. The threshold for the formation of the liquid coincides with the appearance of a bound state in the dimer-dimer problem and possesses a universality in terms of the two-body parameters of the dimer-dimer interaction, namely, scattering length and effective range. For sufficiently strong effective dimer-dimer repulsion we observe fermionization of the dimers which form an effective Tonks-Girardeau state and identify conditions for the formation of a solitonic solution. Our predictions are relevant to experiments with dipolar atoms and two-component mixtures.

arXiv:2007.01786•Physical Review Letters•Jan 11, 2021•45 citations

Role of fermion exchanges in statistical signatures of composite bosons

Monique Combescot, François Dubin, M.‐A. Dupertuis

We study statistical signatures of composite bosons made of two fermions by extending number states to these quantum particles. Two-particle correlations as well as the dispersion of the probability distribution are analyzed. We show that the particle composite nature reduces the antibunching effect predicted for elementary bosons. Furthermore, the probability distribution exhibits a dispersion that is greater for composite bosons than for elementary bosons. This dispersion corresponds to the one of sub-Poissonian processes, as for a quantum state but, unlike its elementary boson counterpart, it is not minimum. In general, our work shows that it is necessary to take into account the Pauli exclusion principle, which acts between fermionic components of composite bosons---along the line used here---to possibly extract statistical properties in a precise way.

arXiv:0903.2664•Physical Review A•Jul 21, 2009•16 citations

Optical Signature of Quantum Coherence in Fully Dark Exciton Condensates

Shiue-Yuan Shiau, Monique Combescot

We predict that the collision of two fully dark exciton condensates produces bright interference fringes. So, quite surprisingly, the collision of coherent dark states makes light. This remarkable effect, which is many body in essence, comes from the composite boson nature of excitons, through the fermion exchanges they can have which transform dark states into bright states. The possibility of optically detecting quantum coherence in a regime where the system is hidden by its total darkness was up to now considered as hopeless.

arXiv:1903.01259•Physical Review Letters•Aug 27, 2019•8 citations
We predict the existence of high frequency modes in the interference pattern of two condensates made of fermionic-atom dimers. These modes, which result from fermion exchanges between condensates, constitute a striking signature of the dimer composite nature. From the 2-coboson spatial correlation function, that we derive analytically, and the Shiva diagrams that visualize many-body effects specific to composite bosons, we identify the physical origin of these high frequency modes and determine the conditions to see them experimentally by using bound fermionic-atom pairs trapped on optical lattice sites. The dimer granularity which appears in these modes comes from Pauli blocking that prevents two dimers to be located at the same lattice site.
Any experimental realization of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) deals with composite bosons (cobosons), which are quasi-particles made of fermion pairs that suffer Pauli blocking. We evidence that the prime consequence of the Pauli exclusion principle is to prevent cobosons from having their centers of mass located at the same position within their spatial extension. We moreover predict a many-body effect induced by Pauli blocking that leads to high interference wave modes resulting from fermion exchanges between two colliding coboson condensates. These two effects can be detected by measuring spatial correlation functions. We here propose an original procedure to exactly derive such correlation functions for Frenkel-like cobosons characterized by just their momentum. We physically extend the obtained results to more complex Wannier-like cobosons that have an additional relative motion index. In addition to revealing the physics involved in results previously obtained for elementary boson condensates, we use Shiva diagrams to show how it is changed for cobosons. The predictions we here present, established for matter bosons, are directly applicable to experiments.
Unlike the Coulomb potential that acts between all semiconductor carriers, the potential commonly used for BCS superconductors and cold-atom gases acts between different fermion species only, these species differing by their spin or hyperfine index. The coboson formalism we develop here evidences that such composite bosons interact through fermion exchange only, thus rendering the structure of the Shiva diagrams that visualize their many-body effects far simpler. A separable potential is used to obtain analytical results for the NNN-coboson normalization factor and the NNN-coboson ground-state energy within the Born approximation, in terms of the Born dimer-dimer scattering length. This formalism opens the route toward approaching complex many-body effects, such as Bose-Einstein condensation, through a different perspective.
For half a century, Feynman diagrams have provided an enlightening way of representing many-body effects between elementary fermions and bosons. They however are quite inappropriate to visualize fermion exchanges taking place between a large number of composite quantum particles. We propose to replace them by "Shiva diagrams" for cobosons made of two fermions and by Shiva-like and "Kali diagrams" for cofermions made of three fermions. We also show how these fermion exchanges formally appear in a many-body theory appropriate to composite quantum particles. This theory relies on an operator algebra based on commutators and anticommutators, the usual scalar algebra based on Green functions being valid for elementary bosons or fermions having strict commutation relations, only.
The ground-state properties of two-component bosonic mixtures in a one-dimensional optical lattice are studied both from few- and many-body perspectives. We rely directly on a microscopic Hamiltonian with attractive intercomponent and repulsive intracomponent interactions to demonstrate the formation of a quantum liquid. We reveal that its formation and stability can be interpreted in terms of finite-range interactions between dimers. We derive an effective model of composite bosons (dimers) which correctly captures both the few- and many-body properties and validate it against exact results obtained by the density matrix renormalization group method for the full Hamiltonian. The threshold for the formation of the liquid coincides with the appearance of a bound state in the dimer-dimer problem and possesses a universality in terms of the two-body parameters of the dimer-dimer interaction, namely, scattering length and effective range. For sufficiently strong effective dimer-dimer repulsion we observe fermionization of the dimers which form an effective Tonks-Girardeau state and identify conditions for the formation of a solitonic solution. Our predictions are relevant to experiments with dipolar atoms and two-component mixtures.
We study statistical signatures of composite bosons made of two fermions by extending number states to these quantum particles. Two-particle correlations as well as the dispersion of the probability distribution are analyzed. We show that the particle composite nature reduces the antibunching effect predicted for elementary bosons. Furthermore, the probability distribution exhibits a dispersion that is greater for composite bosons than for elementary bosons. This dispersion corresponds to the one of sub-Poissonian processes, as for a quantum state but, unlike its elementary boson counterpart, it is not minimum. In general, our work shows that it is necessary to take into account the Pauli exclusion principle, which acts between fermionic components of composite bosons---along the line used here---to possibly extract statistical properties in a precise way.
We predict that the collision of two fully dark exciton condensates produces bright interference fringes. So, quite surprisingly, the collision of coherent dark states makes light. This remarkable effect, which is many body in essence, comes from the composite boson nature of excitons, through the fermion exchanges they can have which transform dark states into bright states. The possibility of optically detecting quantum coherence in a regime where the system is hidden by its total darkness was up to now considered as hopeless.