Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:1710.04456

Nonclassicality in non-degenerate hyper-Raman processes

Kishore Thapliyal, Anirban Pathak, Biswajit Sen, Jan Peřina

Published Oct 12, 2017• 7 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

A perturbative analytic operator solution of a completely quantum mechanical Hamiltonian of multi-photon pump non-degenerate hyper-Raman process is obtained. It is shown that the obtained solution is general in nature as the solutions of non-degenerate hyper-Raman and stimulated Raman processes can be obtained as special cases of the present solution. The analytic solutions obtained here are used to investigate the nonclassical properties of the different modes in the stimulated, spontaneous and partially spontaneous multi-photon pump non-degenerate hyper-Raman processes. The nonclassical nature of these processes is witnessed by means of single mode and intermodal quadrature squeezing, intermodal entanglement of different orders, lower order and higher order photon antibunching. Interestingly, manifesting the multiphoton nature of the pump modes, a bunch of nonclassicality involving them are observed due to self-interaction of various pump modes.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1710.04456

Related papers

Squeezing, photon bunching, photon antibunching and nonclassical photon statistics in degenerate hyper Raman processes

Biswajit Sen, Swapan Mandal

An initially prepared coherent state coupled to a second-order nonlinear medium is responsible for stimulated and spontaneous hyper Raman processes. By using an intuitive approach based on perturbation theory, the Hamiltonian corresponding to the hyper Raman processes is analytically solved to obtain the temporal development of the field operators. It is true that these analytical solutions are valid for small coupling constants. However, the interesting part is that these solutions are valid for reasonably large time. Hence, the present analytical solutions are quite general and are fresh compared to those solutions under short-time approximations. By exploiting the analytical solutions of field operators for various modes, we investigate the squeezing, photon antibunching and nonclassical photon statistics for pure modes of the input coherent light responsible for hyper Raman processes. At least in one instance (stimulated hyper Raman processes for vibration phonon mode), we report the simultaneous appearance of classical (photon bunching) and nonclassical (squeezing) effects of the radiation field responsible for hyper Raman processes.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Jul 5, 2007•10 citations

Intermodal entanglement in Raman processes

Biswajit Sen, Sandip Kumar Giri, Swapan Mandal +2 more

The operator solution of a completely quantum mechanical Hamiltonian of the Raman processes is used here to investigate the possibility of obtaining intermodal entanglement between different modes involved in the Raman processes [e.g., pump mode, Stokes mode, vibration (phonon) mode and anti-Stokes mode]. Intermodal entanglement is reported between (a) pump mode and anti-Stokes mode, (b) pump mode and vibration (phonon) mode, (c) Stokes mode and vibration phonon mode, and (d) Stokes mode and anti-Stokes mode in the stimulated Raman processes for variation of the phase angle of complex eigenvalue ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{1}$ of pump mode $a$. Some incidents of intermodal entanglement in the spontaneous and the partially spontaneous Raman processes are also reported. Further, it is shown that the specific choice of coupling constants may produce genuine entanglement among Stokes mode, anti-Stokes mode, and vibration-phonon mode. It is also shown that the two-mode entanglement not identified by Duan's criterion may be identified by Hillery-Zubairy criteria. It is further shown that intermodal entanglement, intermodal antibunching, and intermodal squeezing are independent phenomena.

Physical Review A•Feb 19, 2013•24 citations

Higher-order two-mode and multimode entanglement in Raman processes

Sandip Kumar Giri, Biswajit Sen, Anirban Pathak +1 more

The existence of higher-order entanglement in the stimulated and spontaneous Raman processes is established using the perturbative solutions of the Heisenberg equations of motion for various field modes that are obtained using the Sen-Mandal technique and a fully quantum mechanical Hamiltonian that describes the stimulated and spontaneous Raman processes. Specifically, the perturbative Sen-Mandal solutions are exploited here to show the signature of the higher-order two-mode and multimode entanglement. In some special cases, we have also observed higher-order entanglement in the partially spontaneous Raman processes. Further, it is shown that the depth of the nonclassicality indicators (parameters) can be manipulated by the specific choice of coupling constants, and it is observed that the depth of nonclassicality parameters increases with the order.

arXiv:1508.06949•Physical Review A•Jan 25, 2016•23 citations

Higher-order amplitude squeezing in hyper-Raman scattering under short-time approximation

Ashok Kumar, Partha Sarathi Gupta

The nonclassical effect of squeezing of light in hyper-Raman processes is investigated under the short-time approximation based on a fully quantum mechanical approach. Effects of squeezing in spontaneous and stimulated processes are studied. A hyper-Raman process is looked upon as a three-photon and one-phonon interaction process. Squeezing in amplitude, squared amplitude and cubed amplitude have been investigated. Squeezing occurs invariably in the fundamental mode in both spontaneous and stimulated processes, whereas the squeezing in the Stokes mode is found to be dependent on amplitude-squared squeezing of the initial pump field.

Quantum and Semiclassical Optics Journal of the European Optical Society Part B•Oct 1, 1996•28 citations

Non-classical Properties of Stimulated Raman and Hyper-Raman Scattering in Stationary Regime

Marek Olivík, Jan Peřina

Photon statistics of stimulated Raman scattering and degenerate hyper-Raman scattering in the cavity are investigated using the method of small operator corrections to a c-number solution. Weak non-classical effects and super-Poissonian behaviour of all modes are derived in the case of Raman scattering in stationary regime. Higher-order nonlinearity of hyper-Raman scattering leads to more significant non-classical effects—considerable quadrature squeezing and sub-Poissonian behaviour of laser and Stokes modes (Fano factor lower than 0·8) were obtained. A negative quantum noise component is manifested in oscillations of photon-number distribution and in negative values of Wigner distribution of the integrated intensity. The influence of external driving amplitude and thermal bath is examined.

Journal of Modern Optics•Jan 1, 1995•5 citations

Quantum Statistics of Stimulated Raman and Hyper-Raman Scattering of Squeezed Light with Pump Depletion

Jan Peřina, J. Křepelka

Using the approximation of small fluctuations around a stationary solution, photon statistics and quadrature variances are derived in stimulated Raman and hyper-Raman scattering including the coupling of pumping, Stokes, anti-Stokes and phonon modes. The depletion of pump light is included. Compared to Raman scattering, additional regimes to generate anti-bunched, sub-Poisson and squeezed light were found caused by self-interaction of the pump mode. It was possible to include effects of nonlinear dynamics, initial squeezing of radiation and phonon system, external noise and losses.

Journal of Modern Optics•May 1, 1992•8 citations
A perturbative analytic operator solution of a completely quantum mechanical Hamiltonian of multi-photon pump non-degenerate hyper-Raman process is obtained. It is shown that the obtained solution is general in nature as the solutions of non-degenerate hyper-Raman and stimulated Raman processes can be obtained as special cases of the present solution. The analytic solutions obtained here are used to investigate the nonclassical properties of the different modes in the stimulated, spontaneous and partially spontaneous multi-photon pump non-degenerate hyper-Raman processes. The nonclassical nature of these processes is witnessed by means of single mode and intermodal quadrature squeezing, intermodal entanglement of different orders, lower order and higher order photon antibunching. Interestingly, manifesting the multiphoton nature of the pump modes, a bunch of nonclassicality involving them are observed due to self-interaction of various pump modes.
An initially prepared coherent state coupled to a second-order nonlinear medium is responsible for stimulated and spontaneous hyper Raman processes. By using an intuitive approach based on perturbation theory, the Hamiltonian corresponding to the hyper Raman processes is analytically solved to obtain the temporal development of the field operators. It is true that these analytical solutions are valid for small coupling constants. However, the interesting part is that these solutions are valid for reasonably large time. Hence, the present analytical solutions are quite general and are fresh compared to those solutions under short-time approximations. By exploiting the analytical solutions of field operators for various modes, we investigate the squeezing, photon antibunching and nonclassical photon statistics for pure modes of the input coherent light responsible for hyper Raman processes. At least in one instance (stimulated hyper Raman processes for vibration phonon mode), we report the simultaneous appearance of classical (photon bunching) and nonclassical (squeezing) effects of the radiation field responsible for hyper Raman processes.
The operator solution of a completely quantum mechanical Hamiltonian of the Raman processes is used here to investigate the possibility of obtaining intermodal entanglement between different modes involved in the Raman processes [e.g., pump mode, Stokes mode, vibration (phonon) mode and anti-Stokes mode]. Intermodal entanglement is reported between (a) pump mode and anti-Stokes mode, (b) pump mode and vibration (phonon) mode, (c) Stokes mode and vibration phonon mode, and (d) Stokes mode and anti-Stokes mode in the stimulated Raman processes for variation of the phase angle of complex eigenvalue ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{1}$ of pump mode aaa. Some incidents of intermodal entanglement in the spontaneous and the partially spontaneous Raman processes are also reported. Further, it is shown that the specific choice of coupling constants may produce genuine entanglement among Stokes mode, anti-Stokes mode, and vibration-phonon mode. It is also shown that the two-mode entanglement not identified by Duan's criterion may be identified by Hillery-Zubairy criteria. It is further shown that intermodal entanglement, intermodal antibunching, and intermodal squeezing are independent phenomena.
The existence of higher-order entanglement in the stimulated and spontaneous Raman processes is established using the perturbative solutions of the Heisenberg equations of motion for various field modes that are obtained using the Sen-Mandal technique and a fully quantum mechanical Hamiltonian that describes the stimulated and spontaneous Raman processes. Specifically, the perturbative Sen-Mandal solutions are exploited here to show the signature of the higher-order two-mode and multimode entanglement. In some special cases, we have also observed higher-order entanglement in the partially spontaneous Raman processes. Further, it is shown that the depth of the nonclassicality indicators (parameters) can be manipulated by the specific choice of coupling constants, and it is observed that the depth of nonclassicality parameters increases with the order.
The nonclassical effect of squeezing of light in hyper-Raman processes is investigated under the short-time approximation based on a fully quantum mechanical approach. Effects of squeezing in spontaneous and stimulated processes are studied. A hyper-Raman process is looked upon as a three-photon and one-phonon interaction process. Squeezing in amplitude, squared amplitude and cubed amplitude have been investigated. Squeezing occurs invariably in the fundamental mode in both spontaneous and stimulated processes, whereas the squeezing in the Stokes mode is found to be dependent on amplitude-squared squeezing of the initial pump field.
Photon statistics of stimulated Raman scattering and degenerate hyper-Raman scattering in the cavity are investigated using the method of small operator corrections to a c-number solution. Weak non-classical effects and super-Poissonian behaviour of all modes are derived in the case of Raman scattering in stationary regime. Higher-order nonlinearity of hyper-Raman scattering leads to more significant non-classical effects—considerable quadrature squeezing and sub-Poissonian behaviour of laser and Stokes modes (Fano factor lower than 0·8) were obtained. A negative quantum noise component is manifested in oscillations of photon-number distribution and in negative values of Wigner distribution of the integrated intensity. The influence of external driving amplitude and thermal bath is examined.
Using the approximation of small fluctuations around a stationary solution, photon statistics and quadrature variances are derived in stimulated Raman and hyper-Raman scattering including the coupling of pumping, Stokes, anti-Stokes and phonon modes. The depletion of pump light is included. Compared to Raman scattering, additional regimes to generate anti-bunched, sub-Poisson and squeezed light were found caused by self-interaction of the pump mode. It was possible to include effects of nonlinear dynamics, initial squeezing of radiation and phonon system, external noise and losses.