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arXiv:1709.09887 · Physical Review A

Protecting the entanglement of twisted photons by adaptive optics

Nina Leonhard, Giacomo Sorelli, Vyacheslav Shatokhin, Claudia Reinlein, Andreas Buchleitner

Published Jan 19, 2018• 41 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Entanglement degradation of orbital-angular-momentum modes can be prevented using adaptive optics. The results prove the possibility of significantly reducing the crosstalk of modes, thereby making entanglement available even under moderate atmospheric turbulence conditions.
DOI
10.1103/physreva.97.012321

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We theoretically study the potential of adaptive optics (AO) to protect entanglement of highdimensional photonic orbital-angular-momentum (OAM) states against turbulence-induced phase distortions.We demonstrate that AO is able to reduce crosstalk among the OAM modes and, consequently, the entanglement decay as well as photon losses.A test of the AO-stabilized output state against high-dimensional Bell inequalities shows that the transmitted entanglement allows for secure communication, even in the strong scintillation regime.
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Orbital angular momentum modes are a common choice for higher-dimensional encoding of photonic qubits. When transported across large distances, these qubits (or qudits) will pass through atmospheric turbulence and suffer aberrations leading to qubit errors, information loss, entanglement degradation, and loss of quantum behavior. In order to quantify some of these effects, we have developed an atmospheric turbulence emulator which allows us to finely control parameters that determine turbulence strength. In this paper, we describe our turbulence emulator and our methods of coupling orbital angular momentum qubits into the system. We present a quantitative demonstration of the degradation of classical orbital angular momentum modes in turbulence. Finally, we discuss ongoing efforts to measure the loss of quantum behavior in orbital angular momentum qubits due to atmospheric turbulence and the use of adaptive optics to mitigate some of the negative effects of atmospheric turbulence.