Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:1707.05375 · Physical review. D/Physical review. D.

Anisotropic Unruh temperatures

Raúl Arias, Horacio Casini, Marina Huerta, Diego Pontello

Published Nov 28, 2017• 32 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The relative entropy between very high-energy localized excitations and the vacuum, where both states are reduced to a spatial region, gives place to a precise definition of a local temperature produced by vacuum entanglement across the boundary. This generalizes the Unruh temperature of the Rindler wedge to arbitrary regions. The local temperatures can be read off from the short distance leading have a universal geometric expression that follows by solving a particular eikonal type equation in Euclidean space. This equation generalizes to any dimension the holomorphic property that holds in two dimensions. For regions of arbitrary shapes the local temperatures at a point are direction dependent. We compute their explicit expression for the geometry of a wall or strip.

DOI
10.1103/physrevd.96.105019

Related papers

Rényi entropies in the n→0 limit and entanglement temperatures

César A. Agón, Horacio Casini, Pedro J. Martínez

Entanglement temperatures (ET) are a generalization of Unruh temperatures valid for states reduced to any region of space. They encode in a thermal fashion the high-energy behavior of the state around a point. These temperatures are determined by an eikonal equation in Euclidean space. We show that the real-time continuation of these equations implies ballistic propagation. For theories with a free UV fixed point, the ET determines the state at a large modular temperature. In particular, we show that the $n\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0$ limit of R\'enyi entropies ${S}_{n}$ can be computed from the ET. This establishes a formula for these R\'enyi entropies for any region in terms of solutions of the eikonal equations. In the $n\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0$ limit, the relevant high-temperature state propagation is determined by a free relativistic Boltzmann equation, with an infinite tower of conserved currents. For the special case of states and regions with a conformal Killing symmetry, these equations coincide with the ones of a perfect fluid.

Physical review. D/Physical review. D.•Nov 16, 2023•5 citations

Rényi entropies in the $n\to0$ limit and entanglement temperatures

César A. Agón, Horacio Casini, Pedro J. Martínez

Entanglement temperatures (ET) are a generalization of Unruh temperatures valid for states reduced to any region of space. They encode in a thermal fashion the high energy behavior of the state around a point. These temperatures are determined by an eikonal equation in Euclidean space. We show that the real-time continuation of these equations implies ballistic propagation. For theories with a free UV fixed point, the ET determines the state at a large modular temperature. In particular, we show that the $n \to 0$ limit of Rényi entropies $S_n$, can be computed from the ET. This establishes a formula for these Rényi entropies for any region in terms of solutions of the eikonal equations. In the $n\to 0$ limit, the relevant high-temperature state propagation is determined by a free relativistic Boltzmann equation, with an infinite tower of conserved currents. For the special case of states and regions with a conformal Killing symmetry, these equations coincide with the ones of a perfect fluid.

arXiv:2309.00044•Aug 31, 2023•0 citations

Extensivity, entropy current, area law, and Unruh effect

F. Becattini, Davide Rindori

We present a general method to determine the entropy current of relativistic matter at local thermodynamic equilibrium in quantum statistical mechanics. Provided that the local equilibrium operator is bounded from below and its lowest lying eigenvector is non-degenerate, it is proved that, in general, the logarithm of the partition function is extensive, meaning that it can be expressed as the integral over a three-dimensional space-like hypersurface of a vector current, and that an entropy current exists. We work out a specific calculation for a nontrivial case of global thermodynamic equilibrium, namely, a system with constant comoving acceleration, whose limiting temperature is the Unruh temperature. We show that the integral of the entropy current in the right Rindler wedge is the entanglement entropy.

arXiv:1903.05422•Physical review. D/Physical review. D.•Jun 21, 2019•28 citations

Entanglement temperature and perturbed AdS3 geometry

G. C. Levine, Bassir Caravan

Generalizing the first law of thermodynamics, the increase in entropy density $\ensuremath{\delta}S(x)$ of a conformal field theory (CFT) is proportional to the increase in energy density, $\ensuremath{\delta}E(x)$, of a subsystem divided by a spatially dependent entanglement temperature, ${T}_{E}(x)$, a fixed parameter determined by the geometry of the subsystem, crossing over to thermodynamic temperature at high temperatures. In this paper we derive a generalization of the thermodynamic Clausius relation, showing that deformations of the CFT by marginal operators are associated with spatial temperature variations, $\ensuremath{\delta}{T}_{E}(x)$, and spatial energy correlations play the role of specific heat. Using AdS/CFT duality we develop a relationship between a perturbation in the local entanglement temperature of the CFT and the perturbation of the bulk AdS metric. In two dimensions, we demonstrate a method through which direct diagonalizations of the boundary quantum theory may be used to construct geometric perturbations of ${\mathrm{AdS}}_{3}$.

arXiv:1509.03215•Physical review. D/Physical review. D.•Jun 7, 2016•1 citation

Entanglement entropy from one-point functions in holographic states

Matthew J. S. Beach, Jae‐Hoon Lee, Charles Rabideau +1 more

For holographic CFT states near the vacuum, entanglement entropies for spatial subsystems can be expressed perturbatively as an expansion in the one-point functions of local operators dual to light bulk fields. Using the connection between quantum Fisher information for CFT states and canonical energy for the dual spacetimes, we describe a general formula for this expansion up to second-order in the one-point functions, for an arbitrary ball-shaped region, extending the first-order result given by the entanglement first law. For two-dimensional CFTs, we use this to derive a completely explicit formula for the second-order contribution to the entanglement entropy from the stress tensor. We show that this stress tensor formula can be reproduced by a direct CFT calculation for states related to the vacuum by a local conformal transformation. This result can also be reproduced via the perturbative solution to a non-linear scalar wave equation on an auxiliary de Sitter spacetime, extending the first-order result in arXiv:1509.00113 .

arXiv:1604.05308•Journal of High Energy Physics•Jun 1, 2016•23 citations

Entanglement temperature for black branes with hyperscaling violation

Xiao-Bao Xu, Gu-Qiang Li, Jie-Xiong Mo

Entanglement temperature is an interesting quantity which relates the increased amount of entanglement entropy to that of energy for a weakly excited state in the first-law of entanglement entropy, it is proportional to the inverse of the size of entanglement subsystem and only depends on the shape of the entanglement region. We find the explicit formula of entanglement temperature for the general hyperscaling violation backgrounds with a strip-subsystem. We then investigate the entanglement temperature for a round ball-subsystem, we check that the entanglement temperature has a universal form when the hyperscaling violation exponent is near zero.

arXiv:1509.05985•Modern Physics Letters A•Apr 8, 2016•5 citations
The relative entropy between very high-energy localized excitations and the vacuum, where both states are reduced to a spatial region, gives place to a precise definition of a local temperature produced by vacuum entanglement across the boundary. This generalizes the Unruh temperature of the Rindler wedge to arbitrary regions. The local temperatures can be read off from the short distance leading have a universal geometric expression that follows by solving a particular eikonal type equation in Euclidean space. This equation generalizes to any dimension the holomorphic property that holds in two dimensions. For regions of arbitrary shapes the local temperatures at a point are direction dependent. We compute their explicit expression for the geometry of a wall or strip.
Entanglement temperatures (ET) are a generalization of Unruh temperatures valid for states reduced to any region of space. They encode in a thermal fashion the high-energy behavior of the state around a point. These temperatures are determined by an eikonal equation in Euclidean space. We show that the real-time continuation of these equations implies ballistic propagation. For theories with a free UV fixed point, the ET determines the state at a large modular temperature. In particular, we show that the $n\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0$ limit of R\'enyi entropies Sn{S}_{n}Sn​ can be computed from the ET. This establishes a formula for these R\'enyi entropies for any region in terms of solutions of the eikonal equations. In the $n\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0$ limit, the relevant high-temperature state propagation is determined by a free relativistic Boltzmann equation, with an infinite tower of conserved currents. For the special case of states and regions with a conformal Killing symmetry, these equations coincide with the ones of a perfect fluid.
Rényi entropies in the n→0n\to0n→0 limit and entanglement temperatures
Entanglement temperatures (ET) are a generalization of Unruh temperatures valid for states reduced to any region of space. They encode in a thermal fashion the high energy behavior of the state around a point. These temperatures are determined by an eikonal equation in Euclidean space. We show that the real-time continuation of these equations implies ballistic propagation. For theories with a free UV fixed point, the ET determines the state at a large modular temperature. In particular, we show that the n→0n \to 0n→0 limit of Rényi entropies SnS_nSn​, can be computed from the ET. This establishes a formula for these Rényi entropies for any region in terms of solutions of the eikonal equations. In the n→0n\to 0n→0 limit, the relevant high-temperature state propagation is determined by a free relativistic Boltzmann equation, with an infinite tower of conserved currents. For the special case of states and regions with a conformal Killing symmetry, these equations coincide with the ones of a perfect fluid.
We present a general method to determine the entropy current of relativistic matter at local thermodynamic equilibrium in quantum statistical mechanics. Provided that the local equilibrium operator is bounded from below and its lowest lying eigenvector is non-degenerate, it is proved that, in general, the logarithm of the partition function is extensive, meaning that it can be expressed as the integral over a three-dimensional space-like hypersurface of a vector current, and that an entropy current exists. We work out a specific calculation for a nontrivial case of global thermodynamic equilibrium, namely, a system with constant comoving acceleration, whose limiting temperature is the Unruh temperature. We show that the integral of the entropy current in the right Rindler wedge is the entanglement entropy.
Generalizing the first law of thermodynamics, the increase in entropy density $\ensuremath{\delta}S(x)$ of a conformal field theory (CFT) is proportional to the increase in energy density, $\ensuremath{\delta}E(x)$, of a subsystem divided by a spatially dependent entanglement temperature, TE(x){T}_{E}(x)TE​(x), a fixed parameter determined by the geometry of the subsystem, crossing over to thermodynamic temperature at high temperatures. In this paper we derive a generalization of the thermodynamic Clausius relation, showing that deformations of the CFT by marginal operators are associated with spatial temperature variations, $\ensuremath{\delta}{T}_{E}(x)$, and spatial energy correlations play the role of specific heat. Using AdS/CFT duality we develop a relationship between a perturbation in the local entanglement temperature of the CFT and the perturbation of the bulk AdS metric. In two dimensions, we demonstrate a method through which direct diagonalizations of the boundary quantum theory may be used to construct geometric perturbations of AdS3{\mathrm{AdS}}_{3}AdS3​.
For holographic CFT states near the vacuum, entanglement entropies for spatial subsystems can be expressed perturbatively as an expansion in the one-point functions of local operators dual to light bulk fields. Using the connection between quantum Fisher information for CFT states and canonical energy for the dual spacetimes, we describe a general formula for this expansion up to second-order in the one-point functions, for an arbitrary ball-shaped region, extending the first-order result given by the entanglement first law. For two-dimensional CFTs, we use this to derive a completely explicit formula for the second-order contribution to the entanglement entropy from the stress tensor. We show that this stress tensor formula can be reproduced by a direct CFT calculation for states related to the vacuum by a local conformal transformation. This result can also be reproduced via the perturbative solution to a non-linear scalar wave equation on an auxiliary de Sitter spacetime, extending the first-order result in arXiv:1509.00113 .
Entanglement temperature is an interesting quantity which relates the increased amount of entanglement entropy to that of energy for a weakly excited state in the first-law of entanglement entropy, it is proportional to the inverse of the size of entanglement subsystem and only depends on the shape of the entanglement region. We find the explicit formula of entanglement temperature for the general hyperscaling violation backgrounds with a strip-subsystem. We then investigate the entanglement temperature for a round ball-subsystem, we check that the entanglement temperature has a universal form when the hyperscaling violation exponent is near zero.