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arXiv:1707.04354 · Physical review. D/Physical review. D.

Teleportation through the wormhole

Leonard Susskind, Ying Zhao

Published Aug 20, 2018• 67 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

$\mathrm{ER}=\mathrm{EPR}$ allows us to think of quantum teleportation as communication of quantum information through spacetime wormholes connecting entangled systems. The conditions for teleportation render the wormhole traversable so that a quantum system entering one end of the ERB will, after a suitable time, appear at the other end. Teleportation requires the transfer of classical information outside the horizon, but the classical bit-string carries no information about the teleported system; the teleported system passes through the ERB leaving no trace outside the horizon. In general the teleported system will retain a memory of what it encountered in the wormhole. This phenomenon could be observable in a laboratory equipped with quantum computers.

DOI
10.1103/physrevd.98.046016

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ER=EPR\mathrm{ER}=\mathrm{EPR}ER=EPR allows us to think of quantum teleportation as communication of quantum information through spacetime wormholes connecting entangled systems. The conditions for teleportation render the wormhole traversable so that a quantum system entering one end of the ERB will, after a suitable time, appear at the other end. Teleportation requires the transfer of classical information outside the horizon, but the classical bit-string carries no information about the teleported system; the teleported system passes through the ERB leaving no trace outside the horizon. In general the teleported system will retain a memory of what it encountered in the wormhole. This phenomenon could be observable in a laboratory equipped with quantum computers.
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An accumulation of theoretical evidence contribute to the picture of gravity as a manifestation of quantum entanglement in a certain many-body quantum system. This is in particular expresses in the ER=EPR conjecture, which relates gravitational Einstein-Rosen (ER) bridge with the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) quantum entangled pairs or, more generally, with the so-called Thermofield Double State. In this letter, the ER=EPR conjecture is employed to introduce unitary quantum teleportation protocol, which \emph{recycles} the entanglement forming traversable generalization of the Einstein-Rosen bridge. In consequence, the wormhole remains unaffected by the quantum teleportation. Furthermore, it is shown that the protocol guarantees the unconditional security of the quantum communication. Performance of the protocol is demonstrated in a simple setting with the use of 5-qubit Santiago IBM quantum computer, giving fidelities above the 2/32/32/3 classical limit for a representative set of teleported states. Security of the protocol has been supported by experimental studies performed with the use of the noisy quantum processor. Possible generalization of the protocol, which may have relevance in the context of macroscopic gravitational configurations, is also considered.
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Abstract Chapter 14 discusses the quantum communication protocol called quantum teleportation, which uses the quantum correlations in an entangled particle pair shared between two observers to transmit the information stored in the (unknown) quantum state of a target system from one of the observers to the other. After reviewing the theoretical basics we showcase some of the important experimental demonstrations of teleportation. We then turn to more general protocols related to teleportation such as entanglement swapping, and the general formalism of isometries, before inspecting the option of delayed-choice entanglement swapping. In the light of these findings we compare teleportation to classical information transfer and inspect the related dense-coding protocol. Finally, we give an overview of basic quantum key distribution protocols is given, including the Bennett-Brassard-84 protocol based on conjugate coding and the entanglement-based Ekert-91 protocol