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arXiv:1707.01040

The probabilities of transitions during stimulated recombination of atoms

M. A. Kutlan

Published Jul 4, 2017• 0 citations
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Abstract

The probabilities of transitions of the system to the different final states are determined by the values of the amplitudes of the corresponding individual states during stimulated recombination of atoms.
DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1707.01040

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A systematic theory of sudden perturbations is derived for quantum systems whose states are described both by wave functions (a pure ensemble) and by a quantum density operator (a mixed ensemble). A perturbation series is written in powers of the parameter ωτ, which is small when the perturbation is sudden; ω is the typical eigenvalue of the unperturbed system; and τ is the characteristic collision time. When the perturbation (t), taken at different times, commutes with itself, the theory yields a compact analytic expression for the probabilities for stimulated transitions for any value of Vτ /. The results of many cross-section calculations for atomic collision processes are discussed from a common standpoint: the processes are treated as jarring processes which stimulate transitions in the quantum system. If a momentum δp is rapidly transferred to the system in a collision, regardless of the physical nature of the jarring, the probabilities for the stimulated transitions are governed by the parameter N ~δpδR/ where δR is a measure of the uncertainty in the coordinates which is due to the relatively slow motions in the unperturbed system.
The problem of stimulated recombination at a resonance is investigated by a time-dependent, non-perturbative approach. The number of pairs recombined by a laser pulse is computed as a function of the intensity, of the pulse duration, and of the initial electron-energy distribution (as well as of the parameters which characterize the atomic resonance and its field-induced coupling to the final bound state). The role of spontaneous emission (or other paths) from the recombined state (if it is excited) is also discussed. Numerical results are given including an example of recombination to the ground state in the Sr atom.
Electron–electron interactions in multielectron systems may cause multiple ionic channels to contribute to amplitudes of ionization or radiative recombination, giving rise to interfering pathways to the same final state. These channels are not individually observable in standard weak-field experiments, where they all contribute to the same final-state resolved cross section. We show how one can use strong laser fields to control the timing of electron–electron interactions. We demonstrate that the relative phases of the direct and correlation channels can be manipulated by a strong infrared field, permitting experimental separation of the individual contributions. The control phase can be calibrated using the attosecond streak camera. The required control conditions are achieved at the rising edge of the giant resonance in the Xe atom.