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arXiv:1706.08635 · Optics Letters

Optically induced transparency in bosonic cascade lasers

T. C. H. Liew, Alexey Vitalievich Kavokin

Published Jan 5, 2018• 5 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Bosonic cascade lasers are terahertz (THz) lasers based on stimulated radiative transitions between bosonic condensates of excitons or exciton-polaritons confined in a trap. We study the interaction of an incoming THz pulse resonant in frequency with the transitions between neighboring energy levels of the cascade. We show that at certain optical pump conditions the cascade becomes transparent to the incident pulse: it neither absorbs nor amplifies it in the mean-field approximation. The populations of intermediate levels of the bosonic cascade change as the THz pulse passes, nevertheless. In comparison, a fermionic cascade laser does not reveal any of these properties.

DOI
10.1364/ol.43.000259

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We study the propagation dynamics of a single pair of probe and coupling laser pulses in a three-level cascade atomic medium by numerical solving the Maxwell-Bloch equations for atoms and fields. Influences of the pulse durations, intensity and pulse area of the coupling laser on the probe laser propagation are investigated. We found the conditions that the undistorted probe pulse in such i.e., the effect is established. Under conditions, the ground state population is trapped in a dark state. Full Text: PDF References A. Imamoglu, S.E. Harris, Lasers without inversion: interference of dressed lifetime-broadened states, Opt. Lett. 14 (1989) 1344. CrossRef K.J. Boller, A. Imamoglu, S.E. Harris, Observation of electromagnetically induced transparency, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66 (1991) 2593. CrossRef A.S. Zibrov, M.D. Lukin, D.E. Nikonov, L. Hollberg, M.O. Scully, V.L. Velichansky, and H.G. Robinson, Experimental Demonstration of Laser Oscillation without Population Inversion via Quantum Interference in Rb, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 (1995) 1499. CrossRef L.V. Hau, S. E. Harris, Z. Dutton, C.H. Bejroozi, speed reduction to 17 metres per second in an ultracold atomic gas, Nature, 397 (1999) 594. CrossRef L.V. Doai, D.X. Khoa, and N.H. Bang, EIT enhanced self-Kerr nonlinearity in the three-level lambda system under Doppler broadening, Phys. Scr. 90 (2015)045502. CrossRef D.X. Khoa, L.V. Doai, D.H. Son, and N.H. Bang, Enhancement of self-Kerr nonlinearity via electromagnetically induced transparency in a five-level cascade system: an analytical approach, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 31, N6 (2014), pp. 1330. CrossRef F.T. Hioe and R. Grobe, Matched Optical Solitary Waves for Three- and Five-Level Systems, Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, (1994) 2559. CrossRef S.E. Harris and Z.F. Luo, Preparation energy for electromagnetically induced transparency, Phys. Rev. A. 52 (1995) R928. CrossRef V. G. Arkhipkin, I.V. Timofeev, Adiabatic propagation of short pulses under conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency, Quantum Electronics, 30 (2000) 180. CrossRef M. Kiffner, T. N. Dey, Dynamical control of pulse propagation in electromagnetically induced transparency, Phys. Rev. A. 79 (2009) 023829. CrossRef R. Yu, J. Li, P. Huang, A. Zheng, X. Yang, Dynamic control of light propagation and optical switching through an RF-driven cascade-type atomic medium, Phys. Lett. A. 373 (2009) 2992. CrossRef E. Paspalakis,N. J. Kylstra and P. L. Knight, Propagation and nonlinear generation dynamics in a coherently prepared four-level system, Phys. Rev. A 65 (2002) 053808. CrossRef E. Ignesti, R. Buffa, L. Fini, E. Sali, M. V. Tognetti, S. Cavalieri, Controlling the propagation of broadband light pulses by Induced Transparency, Opt. Commun, 285 (2012) 1185. CrossRef P. R. Bermanand C. H. Raymond Ooi, Pulse propagation in a medium of ?-type atoms, Phys. Rev. A 86 (2012), 053812. CrossRef G. Buica, T. Nakajima, Propagation of two short laser pulse trains in a ?-type three-level medium under conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency, Opt. Commun. 332 (2014) 59. CrossRef L. V. Doai, P. V. Trong, D. X. Khoa, and Ng. H. Bang, Electromagnetically induced transparency in five-level cascade scheme of 85Rb atoms: An analytical approach, Optik, 125 (2014) 3666?3669. CrossRef J.H. Eberly, Transmission of dressed fields in three-level media, Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 7 (1995) 373. CrossRef M.D. Crisp, Propagation of Small-Area Pulses of Coherent Light through a Resonant Medium, Phys. Rev. A 1 (1970) 1604. CrossRef

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Bosonic cascade lasers are terahertz (THz) lasers based on stimulated radiative transitions between bosonic condensates of excitons or exciton-polaritons confined in a trap. We study the interaction of an incoming THz pulse resonant in frequency with the transitions between neighboring energy levels of the cascade. We show that at certain optical pump conditions the cascade becomes transparent to the incident pulse: it neither absorbs nor amplifies it in the mean-field approximation. The populations of intermediate levels of the bosonic cascade change as the THz pulse passes, nevertheless. In comparison, a fermionic cascade laser does not reveal any of these properties.
Intracavity self-induced transparency of a three-level absorber is studied in the scope of solid-state laser generation of an ultrabroadband electromagnetic pulse that drives the population of all absorber levels through complete Rabi flopping. We show that at sufficient pump rates a Ti:sapphire laser forces an intracavity GaAs single quantum-well absorber, which provides an inter-valence-band transition in the THz domain in addition to two direct optical interband transitions, into the self-induced transparency regime and acts as an all-solid-state ultrabroadband pulse emitter. In dependence on the resonator bandwidth, the intracavity pulse energy and the absorber dipole moments we obtain a multilevel self-induced transparency pulse spectrum which extends from the THz domain up to the ultraviolet. The steady-state sub-10-fs pulse consists of only a few optical cycles with the high-frequency components at its leading edge and a single to subcyclic THz component at its trailing edge.
In this work, difference-frequency generation is theoretically analysed for the three-level quantum system, having forbidden in dipole approximation electronic and optically active vibration transitions from the ground state. Excitation of coherent phonon polaritons wave in the terahertz frequency range by an ultrashort optical pulse, being in the visible or near-infrared spectral regions, and injected pulse with frequency almost twice that of the pump is considered. Dynamics of terahertz radiation arising during excitation of both electronic and vibrational coherences at the two-photon and combined resonances in the ensemble of three-level quantum systems was evaluated.
The present paper has the dual purposes. As the first purpose, it is demonstrated that the boson description of Wannier excitons introduced in the preceding paper is suitable also to discussion of non-linear coherent interaction of Wannier excitons with the radiation field. The second purpose is to discuss the possibility of self-induced transparency due to Wannier excitons on the basis of the boson description by making clear the difference between a two-level atomic system and a system of excitons which can propagate in a crystal as polariton. As a result, stable pulse propagation of the radiation field is shown to be prevented by the polariton effect of excitons.
Quantum-well excitons dressed by a terahertz field have multiple optical resonances. An optical beam tuned to any of the resonant frequencies excites the dressed-exciton state; therefore the optical beam experiences attenuation upon its transmission. For two coherent optical beams tuned to two different resonant frequencies, however, one can judiciously choose the amplitudes and phases in such a way that the beams do not produce any excitation, and thus they experience no attenuation, even though each of beams would be strongly attenuated in the absence of the other. This two-color scheme also suggests coherent control of dressed excitons by a pair of phase-locked pulses with different carrier frequencies and nonoverlapping spectra.
The transient and steady-state behavior of the absorption and the dispersion of a probe pulse laser field propagating through an InGaAs\InP double coupled quantum well are studied. The effect of terahertz radiation excitation, electron tunnelling and incoherent pumping on the optical properties of the probe field is discussed. In the terahertz (30~300 μm or 1~10 THz) intersubband transition, the incoming photon energy is (4~41 mev) and maybe in the order of electron thermal broadening (KT~6 meV-25 meV for 77 K-300 K). Therefore in the conventional structure, the incoming photon can directly excite the ground state electrons to higher energy levels and this process inhabits the correct optical switching in terahertz applications. We show that the group velocity of a light pulse can be controlled from superluminal to subluminal or vice versa by controlling the rates of incoherent pumping field and tunnelling between the quantum wells. The required switching time is calculated and we find it between 3 to 26 picoseconds.
We study the propagation dynamics of a single pair of probe and coupling laser pulses in a three-level cascade atomic medium by numerical solving the Maxwell-Bloch equations for atoms and fields. Influences of the pulse durations, intensity and pulse area of the coupling laser on the probe laser propagation are investigated. We found the conditions that the undistorted probe pulse in such i.e., the effect is established. Under conditions, the ground state population is trapped in a dark state. Full Text: PDF References A. Imamoglu, S.E. Harris, Lasers without inversion: interference of dressed lifetime-broadened states, Opt. Lett. 14 (1989) 1344. CrossRef K.J. Boller, A. Imamoglu, S.E. Harris, Observation of electromagnetically induced transparency, Phys. Rev. Lett. 66 (1991) 2593. CrossRef A.S. Zibrov, M.D. Lukin, D.E. Nikonov, L. Hollberg, M.O. Scully, V.L. Velichansky, and H.G. Robinson, Experimental Demonstration of Laser Oscillation without Population Inversion via Quantum Interference in Rb, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 (1995) 1499. CrossRef L.V. Hau, S. E. Harris, Z. Dutton, C.H. Bejroozi, speed reduction to 17 metres per second in an ultracold atomic gas, Nature, 397 (1999) 594. CrossRef L.V. Doai, D.X. Khoa, and N.H. Bang, EIT enhanced self-Kerr nonlinearity in the three-level lambda system under Doppler broadening, Phys. Scr. 90 (2015)045502. CrossRef D.X. Khoa, L.V. Doai, D.H. Son, and N.H. Bang, Enhancement of self-Kerr nonlinearity via electromagnetically induced transparency in a five-level cascade system: an analytical approach, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 31, N6 (2014), pp. 1330. CrossRef F.T. Hioe and R. Grobe, Matched Optical Solitary Waves for Three- and Five-Level Systems, Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, (1994) 2559. CrossRef S.E. Harris and Z.F. Luo, Preparation energy for electromagnetically induced transparency, Phys. Rev. A. 52 (1995) R928. CrossRef V. G. Arkhipkin, I.V. Timofeev, Adiabatic propagation of short pulses under conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency, Quantum Electronics, 30 (2000) 180. CrossRef M. Kiffner, T. N. Dey, Dynamical control of pulse propagation in electromagnetically induced transparency, Phys. Rev. A. 79 (2009) 023829. CrossRef R. Yu, J. Li, P. Huang, A. Zheng, X. Yang, Dynamic control of light propagation and optical switching through an RF-driven cascade-type atomic medium, Phys. Lett. A. 373 (2009) 2992. CrossRef E. Paspalakis,N. J. Kylstra and P. L. Knight, Propagation and nonlinear generation dynamics in a coherently prepared four-level system, Phys. Rev. A 65 (2002) 053808. CrossRef E. Ignesti, R. Buffa, L. Fini, E. Sali, M. V. Tognetti, S. Cavalieri, Controlling the propagation of broadband light pulses by Induced Transparency, Opt. Commun, 285 (2012) 1185. CrossRef P. R. Bermanand C. H. Raymond Ooi, Pulse propagation in a medium of ?-type atoms, Phys. Rev. A 86 (2012), 053812. CrossRef G. Buica, T. Nakajima, Propagation of two short laser pulse trains in a ?-type three-level medium under conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency, Opt. Commun. 332 (2014) 59. CrossRef L. V. Doai, P. V. Trong, D. X. Khoa, and Ng. H. Bang, Electromagnetically induced transparency in five-level cascade scheme of 85Rb atoms: An analytical approach, Optik, 125 (2014) 3666?3669. CrossRef J.H. Eberly, Transmission of dressed fields in three-level media, Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 7 (1995) 373. CrossRef M.D. Crisp, Propagation of Small-Area Pulses of Coherent Light through a Resonant Medium, Phys. Rev. A 1 (1970) 1604. CrossRef