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arXiv:1705.08461 · Physical Review A

Antibunching dynamics of plasmonically mediated entanglement generation

Eugene Dumitrescu, Benjamin J. Lawrie

Published Nov 10, 2017• 19 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Dissipative entanglement-generation protocols embrace environmental interactions to generate long-lived entangled states. In this paper, we report on the antibunching dynamics for a pair of actively driven quantum emitters coupled to a shared dissipative plasmonic reservoir. We find that antibunching is a universal signature for entangled states generated by dissipative means and examine its use as an entanglement diagnostic. We discuss the experimental validation of plasmonically mediated entanglement generation by Hanbury Brown-Twiss interferometry with picosecond timing resolution determined by an effective two-qubit Rabi frequency, and we analyze the robustness of entanglement generation with respect to perturbations in local detunings, couplings, and driving fields.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.96.053826

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We theoretically investigate a general scheme for determining quantum entanglement of two detuned quantum dots (QDs) mediated by plasmon nanoparticle for weakly driven dissipative systems. By adiabatically eliminating the field operators, an effective model is proposed to find the underlying mechanism for this determination. Two specific hybrid systems composed of two QDs and a metallic nanoparticle (MNP) are considered. In the QD-MNP-QD system, the concurrence maxima generated by the detunings are several times larger than those in the resonance condition because of the robust superposition between the two separated entangled states. However, in the MNP-QD-QD system, the detunings generally reduce entanglement because the dipole-dipole interaction strongly suppresses the superposition of the entangled states. Moreover, the plateau of large concurrence exists for a broad range of parameters in both cases. The scheme is robust to dissipative systems and paves the way to improve entanglement in quantum information devices at the nanoscale.
We study the generation of entanglement between two distant qubits mediated by the surface plasmons of a metallic waveguide. We show that a V-shaped channel milled in a flat metallic surface is much more efficient for this purpose than a metallic cylinder. The role of the misalignments of the dipole moments of the qubits, an aspect of great importance for experimental implementations, is also studied. A careful analysis of the quantum dynamics of the system by means of a master equation shows that two-qubit entanglement generation is essentially due to the dissipative part of the effective qubit-qubit coupling provided by the surface plasmons. The influence of a coherent external pumping, needed to achieve a steady-state entanglement, is discussed. Finally, we pay attention to the question of how to get information experimentally on the degree of entanglement achieved in the system.
The generation of quantum entanglement is important for a wide range of quantum technology protocols. In nanophotonics, a promising platform for quantum technologies, entanglement generation via plasmon-mediated coupling in quantum dot qubits is often modeled within the dipole limit, where only dipolar plasmons of the mediating nanoparticle are considered, and the local response approximation, where nonlocal corrections are ignored. However, multipolar effects manifest strongly at coupling distances less than the nanoparticle size, while nonlocal optical effects stem from a size-induced dielectric response. We investigated these two important effects in the generation of two-qubit entanglement mediated by plasmonic coupling. A cavity quantum electrodynamic approach is employed, where the induced plasmonic effects lead to modified transition rates in the dynamics of the coupled quantum dot qubits. We find that multipolar modes and size-dependent damping lead to entanglement decay at small coupling distances and limit mediated entanglement with certain particle sizes. We discuss potential implications of multipolar modes in entanglement-based quantum sensing.
A scheme is proposed to generate a maximally entangled state between two qubits by means of a dissipation-driven process. To this end, we entangle the quantum states of qubits that are mutually coupled by a plasmonic nanoantenna. Upon enforcing a weak spectral asymmetry in the properties of the qubits, the steady-state probability to obtain a maximally entangled, subradiant state approaches unity. This occurs despite the high losses associated with the plasmonic nanoantenna that are usually considered as being detrimental. The entanglement scheme is shown to be quite robust against variations in the transition frequencies of the quantum dots and deviations in their prescribed position with respect to the nanoantenna. Our work paves the way for applications in the field of quantum computation in highly integrated optical circuits.