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arXiv:1704.05914 · Physical review. B./Physical review. B

Dynamic structure function of some singular Fermi liquids

Chandra Mohan Varma

Published Aug 11, 2017• 11 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The density correlations of some singular Fermi liquids with anomalous properties such as resistivity varying linearly with $T$ at low temperatures and a $TlogT$ contribution to the entropy and thermopower are expected to be quite different from that in Landau Fermi liquids. A possible statistical mechanical model for the quantum-critical fluctuations in diverse systems with such properties is the 2D dissipative quantum XY model. Exact relations between the density correlations and singular irreducible vertices due to coupling of fermions to the topological excitations of the 2D dissipative quantum XY model are used to derive results which have become measurable only recently because of advances in experimental techniques. The density correlations are unusual at all momenta $\mathbf{q}$ and energy $\ensuremath{\omega}$, from the hydrodynamic limit to that for large momenta and energy. The hydrodynamic limit together with the continuity equation gives the linear in $T$ resistivity. The density correlations are almost independent of frequency up to a high-frequency cutoff for ${q}_{ZB}\ensuremath{\gtrsim}q\ensuremath{\gg}\ensuremath{\omega}/{v}_{F}$; ${q}_{ZB}$ is the Brillouin zone boundary and ${v}_{F}$ is the Fermi velocity. The results should be applicable to loop-current quantum criticality in cuprates, and to 2D Fe-based compounds near their antiferromagnetic quantum criticality. The relation of the results to the temperature and frequency dependent conductivity and to Raman response is also discussed.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.96.075122

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The density correlations of some singular Fermi liquids with anomalous properties such as resistivity varying linearly with TTT at low temperatures and a TlogTTlogTTlogT contribution to the entropy and thermopower are expected to be quite different from that in Landau Fermi liquids. A possible statistical mechanical model for the quantum-critical fluctuations in diverse systems with such properties is the 2D dissipative quantum XY model. Exact relations between the density correlations and singular irreducible vertices due to coupling of fermions to the topological excitations of the 2D dissipative quantum XY model are used to derive results which have become measurable only recently because of advances in experimental techniques. The density correlations are unusual at all momenta q\mathbf{q}q and energy \ensuremathω\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremathω, from the hydrodynamic limit to that for large momenta and energy. The hydrodynamic limit together with the continuity equation gives the linear in TTT resistivity. The density correlations are almost independent of frequency up to a high-frequency cutoff for qZB\ensuremath≳q\ensuremath≫\ensuremathω/vF{q}_{ZB}\ensuremath{\gtrsim}q\ensuremath{\gg}\ensuremath{\omega}/{v}_{F}qZB​\ensuremath≳q\ensuremath≫\ensuremathω/vF​; qZB{q}_{ZB}qZB​ is the Brillouin zone boundary and vF{v}_{F}vF​ is the Fermi velocity. The results should be applicable to loop-current quantum criticality in cuprates, and to 2D Fe-based compounds near their antiferromagnetic quantum criticality. The relation of the results to the temperature and frequency dependent conductivity and to Raman response is also discussed.
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An important problem in contemporary physics concerns quantum-critical fluctuations in metals. A scaling function for the momentum, frequency, temperature, and magnetic field dependence of the correlation function near a 2D-ferromagnetic quantum-critical point (QCP) is constructed, and its singularities are determined by comparing to the recent calculations of the correlation functions of the dissipative quantum XY model (DQXY). The calculations are motivated by the measured properties of the metallic compound YFe2Al10{\mathrm{YFe}}_{2}{\mathrm{Al}}_{10}YFe2​Al10​, which is a realization of the DQXY model in 2D. The frequency, temperature, and magnetic field dependence of the scaling function as well as the singularities measured in the experiments are given by the theory without adjustable exponents. The same model is applicable to the superconductor-insulator transitions, classes of metallic AFM-QCPs, and as fluctuations of the loop-current ordered state in hole-doped cuprates. The results presented here lend credence to the solution found for the 2D-DQXY model and its applications in understanding quantum-critical properties of diverse systems.
Marginal Fermi liquid was originally introduced as a phenomenological description of the cuprates in a part of the metallic doping range which appears to be governed by fluctuations due to a quantum-critical point. An essential result due to the form of the assumed fluctuation spectra is that the large inelastic quasiparticle relaxation rate near the Fermi surface is proportional to the energy measured from the chemical potential, ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{i}^{\ensuremath{-}1}\ensuremath{\propto}\ensuremath{\epsilon}$. We present a microscopic long-wavelength derivation of the hydrodynamic properties in such a situation by an extension of the procedure that Eliashberg used for the derivation of the hydrodynamic properties of a Landau-Fermi liquid. In particular, the density-density and the current-current correlations and the relation between the two are derived, and the connection to microscopic calculations of the frequency dependence of the optical conductivity with an additional Fermi-liquid correction factor shown to follow. The method used here may be necessary, quite generally, for the correct hydrodynamic theory for any problem of quantum-critical fluctuations in fermions.
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Low energy properties of the metallic state of the two-dimensional t - J model are presented for second neighbor hopping with hole-doping ( ) and electron-doping ( ), with various superexchange energy J . We use a closed set of equations for the Greens functions obtained from the extremely correlated Fermi liquid theory . These equations reproduce the known low energies features of the large U Hubbard model in infinite dimensions. The density and temperature dependent quasiparticle weight, decay rate and the peak spectral heights over the Brillouin zone are calculated. We also calculate the resistivity, Hall conductivity, Hall number and cotangent Hall angle. The spectral features display high thermal sensitivity at modest T for density , implying a suppression of the effective Fermi-liquid temperature by two orders of magnitude relative to the bare bandwidth. The cotangent Hall angle exhibits a T 2 behavior at low T , followed by an interesting kink at higher T . The Hall number exhibits strong renormalization due to correlations. Flipping the sign of changes the curvature of the resistivity versus T curves between convex and concave. Our results provide a natural route for understanding the observed difference in the temperature dependent resistivity of strongly correlated electron-doped and hole-doped matter.
The two-dimensional quantum XY model, with a Caldeira-Leggett form of dissipation, is applicable to the quantum-critical properties of diverse experimental systems, ranging from superconductor to insulator transitions, ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic transitions in metals, to the loop-current order transition in cuprates. We solve the reexpression of this model in terms of orthogonal topological excitations, vortices, and a variety of instantons, by renormalization group methods. The calculations explain the extraordinary properties of the model discovered in Monte Carlo calculations: the product form of the quantum-critical fluctuations in space and time, a spatial correlation length proportional to the logarithm of the temporal correlation length near the transition from a disordered to a fully ordered state, and the occurrence of a phase with spatial order without temporal order. They are intimately related to the flow of the metric of time in relation to the metric of space, i.e., of the dynamical critical exponent zzz. These properties appear to be essential in understanding the strange metallic phase found in a variety of quantum-critical transitions as well as the accompanying high-temperature superconductivity.