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arXiv:1704.04334 · Europhysics Letters (EPL)

Perfect photon absorption in hybrid atom-optomechanical system

Yang Zhang, Amjad Sohail, Chang-shui Yu

Published Sep 1, 2016• 12 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We propose a scheme to investigate the perfect photon absorption in a hybrid atom-optomechanical system under and beyond the low-excitation limit. The perfect photon absorption is present in both cases and always accompanied by the optical bistability or multistability. We find that the coupling with the atomic ensemble provides the sufficient and necessary condition for the perfect photon absorption in such a system, but the optomechanical coupling is only a necessary condition for the bistability (in the low-excitation regime)/multistability (beyond the low-excitation limit). It is especially interesting that the optical nonlinearities induced by the nonlinear optomechanical interaction and nonlinear atomic excitation can be overlap-added, which results in the optical multistability and further causes an additional perfect photon absorption point.

DOI
10.1209/0295-5075/115/64002

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We propose a scheme to investigate the perfect photon absorption in a hybrid atom-optomechanical system under and beyond the low-excitation limit. The perfect photon absorption is present in both cases and always accompanied by the optical bistability or multistability. We find that the coupling with the atomic ensemble provides the sufficient and necessary condition for the perfect photon absorption in such a system, but the optomechanical coupling is only a necessary condition for the bistability (in the low-excitation regime)/multistability (beyond the low-excitation limit). It is especially interesting that the optical nonlinearities induced by the nonlinear optomechanical interaction and nonlinear atomic excitation can be overlap-added, which results in the optical multistability and further causes an additional perfect photon absorption point.
In this paper, the phenomenon of the optical bistability of a cavity field is theoretically investigated in an optomechanical system containing an N-type atomic ensemble. In this hybrid optomechanical system, the atoms are coupled with two controlling light fields besides coupling with the cavity field. Under the nonresonant condition, we analyze the influences of the coupling strength between cavity and atoms, Rabi frequencies of the controlling light field, the detuning between the controlling light field and atoms, and pump field power on the optical bistable behavior of mean intracavity photon number. The nonlinear distribution of the mean intracavity photon number has a potential application in field optical switches and optical bistable devices.
It has been shown that perfect photon absorption can occur in the linear excitation regime of cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED), in which photons from two identical light fields coupled into two ends of the cavity are completely absorbed and result in excitation of the polariton state of the CQED system. The output light from the cavity is totally suppressed by destructive interference and the polariton state can only decay incoherently back to the ground state. Here we analyze perfect photon absorption and the onset of optical bistability in the nonlinear regime of the CQED and show that perfect photon absorption persists in the nonlinear regime of the CQED below the threshold of optical bistability. Therefore perfect photon absorption is a phenomenon that can be observed in both linear and nonlinear regimes of CQED. Furthermore, our study reveals that optical bistability is influenced by input-light interference and can be manipulated by varying the relative phase of the two input fields.
We study the optical bistability and dynamics in a hybrid optomechanical system, where the cavity mode is coupled to the mechanical resonator via radiation pressure and to a two-level atom via the Jaynes–Cummings coupling. The nonlinearity due to optomechanical coupling and the addition of an atom leads to bistable behaviors of the steady-state intracavity photon number and atomic population inversion. We show that the optical bistability can be effectively controlled by the Rabi frequency of the atomic driving field, the cavity–atom coupling strength, and the amplitude and frequency of the cavity pump field. Moreover, the effects of different initial conditions of the cavity field and the amplitude of the cavity pump field on the dynamics of the system also have been discussed.
Photon absorption and nonreciprocal photon transmission are studied in a rotating optical resonator coupled with an atomic ensemble. It is demonstrated that the perfect photon absorption is accompanied by optical bistability when the resonator is static. If the spinning detune is adjusted to some particular values, we find that the amplified unidirectional photon transmission can be realized. We have explicitly given the perfect photon absorption conditions and the maximal adjustable amplification rate. It is found that the coupling of the resonator and the atomic ensemble is necessary for perfect photon absorption, and the phase difference of the two input fields only affects the perfect absorption point. It gives new insight into the design of photon absorbers and optical switches.
Abstract We study the pump-probe response in an optomechanical cavity accommodating an ensemble of two-level atoms interacting with a cavity mode, which is pumped by a strong driving field and probed by a weak signal field. The atomic excitation is examined without taking any approximations and may be in any regimes ranging from the low limit to the high limit for a given collective coupling constant between the atomic ensemble and the cavity mode. This then results in different absorption and dispersion spectra (such as optomechanically induced transparency, Fano-resonance, normal-mode splitting) when the excitation transfer from cavity mode to atomic ensemble is controlled to change from ineffective to effective. This indicates that a hybrid optomechanical response is indeed determined by the excitation of the atomic ensemble embedded in the optomechanical cavity. It is also of interest that the output signal component and the inside atomic polarization show either synchronous or asynchronous behaviors depending on how the atom-field detuning is chosen, i.e. equal to the mechanical resonator frequency or its negative. Such features may open up an effective avenue in coherently manipulating the internal atomic polarization via the external signal field, and vice versa.
We investigate a hybrid optomechanical system consisting of two coupled cavities, one of them is composed of two-end fixed mirrors (called the traditional cavity), and the other has a one-end oscillating mirror (named as the optomechanical cavity). A Kerr medium is inside the traditional cavity to enhance the nonlinearity due to the fact that it can cause observing of bistable behavior in intracavity intensity for the optomechanical cavity. The Hamiltonian of the system is written in a rotating frame and its dynamics is described by quantum Langevin equations of motion. Our proposed system exhibits unconventional plots for the mean photon number of the optomechanical cavity which are not observed in previous works. The present results show a deep effect of the Kerr medium on optical bistability of intracavity intensity for the optomechanical cavity. Also, coupling strength of the cavities can effectively change the stability of the system.