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arXiv:1704.02734 · Physical review. B./Physical review. B

Spectral periodicity of the spinon continuum in quantum spin ice

Gang Chen

Published Aug 24, 2017• 43 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Motivated by the rapid experimental progress of quantum spin ice materials, we study the dynamical properties of pyrochlore spin ice in the U(1) spin liquid phases. In particular, we focus on the spinon excitations that appear at high energies and show up as an excitation continuum in the dynamic spin structure factor. The keen connection between the crystal symmetry fractionalization of the spinons and the spectral periodicity of the spinon continuum is emphasized and explicitly demonstrated. When the spinon experiences a background $\ensuremath{\pi}$ flux and the spinon continuum exhibits an enhanced spectral periodicity with a folded Brillouin zone, this spectral property can then be used to detect the spin quantum number fractionalization and U(1) spin liquid. Our prediction can be immediately examined by inelastic neutron-scattering experiments among quantum spin ice materials with Kramers' doublets. Further application to the non-Kramers' doublets is discussed.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.96.085136

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Motivated by the rapid experimental progress of quantum spin ice materials, we study the dynamical properties of pyrochlore spin ice in the U(1) spin liquid phases. In particular, we focus on the spinon excitations that appear at high energies and show up as an excitation continuum in the dynamic spin structure factor. The keen connection between the crystal symmetry fractionalization of the spinons and the spectral periodicity of the spinon continuum is emphasized and explicitly demonstrated. When the spinon experiences a background \ensuremathπ\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremathπ flux and the spinon continuum exhibits an enhanced spectral periodicity with a folded Brillouin zone, this spectral property can then be used to detect the spin quantum number fractionalization and U(1) spin liquid. Our prediction can be immediately examined by inelastic neutron-scattering experiments among quantum spin ice materials with Kramers' doublets. Further application to the non-Kramers' doublets is discussed.
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We consider gapped Z2{\mathbb{Z}}_{2}Z2​ spin liquids, where spinon quasiparticles may carry fractional quantum numbers of space-group symmetry. In particular, spinons can carry fractional crystal momentum. We show that such quantum number fractionalization has dramatic, spectroscopically accessible consequences, namely, enhanced periodicity of the two-spinon density of states in the Brillouin zone, which can be detected via inelastic neutron scattering. This effect is a sharp signature of certain topologically ordered spin liquids and other symmetry-enriched topological phases. Considering square lattice space-group and time-reversal symmetry, we show that exactly four distinct types of spectral periodicity are possible.
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Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) host exotic fractionalized magnetic and gauge-field excitations whose microscopic origins and experimental verification remain frustratingly elusive. In the absence of static magnetic order, the spin excitation spectrum constitutes the crucial probe of QSL behavior, but its theoretical computation is a serious challenge. Here we employ state-of-the-art tensor-network methods to obtain the full dynamical spectral function of the J1J_1J1​-J2J_2J2​ kagome Heisenberg model and benchmark our results by tracking their evolution across the magnetically ordered and QSL phases. Reducing ∣J2∣/J1|J_2|/J_1∣J2​∣/J1​ causes increasingly strong spin-wave renormalization, flattening these modes then merging them into a continuum characteristic of deconfined spinons at all finite energies in the QSL. The low-energy continuum and the occurrence of gap closure at multiple high-symmetry points identify this gapless QSL as the U(1) Dirac spin liquid. These results establish a unified understanding of spin excitations in highly frustrated quantum magnets and provide clear spectral fingerprints for experimental detection in candidate kagome QSL materials.
Motivated by spin-wave continuum (SWC) observed in recent neutron scattering experiments in Herbertsmithite, we use Gutzwiller-projected wave functions to study dynamic spin structure factor S(q,ω)S(\mathbf{q},ω)S(q,ω) of spin liquid states on the kagome lattice. Spin-1 excited states in spin liquids are represented by Gutzwiller-projected two-spinon excited wave functions. We investigate three different spin liquid candidates, spinon Fermi-surface spin liquid (FSL), Dirac spin liquid (DSL) and random-flux spin liquid (RSL). FSL and RSL have low energy peaks in S(q,ω)S(\mathbf{q},ω)S(q,ω) at KKK points in the extended magnetic Brillouin zone, in contrast to experiments where low energy peaks are found at MMM points. There is no obviuos contradiction between DSL and neutron scattering measurements. Besides a fractionalized spin (i.e. spin-1/2), spinons in DSL carry a fractionalized crystal momentum which is potentially detectable in SWC in the neutron scattering measurements.