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arXiv:1702.08326 · 中国科学通报:英文版

Oscillatory-like expansion of a Fermionic superfluid

Xiao-Qiong Wang, Yu-Ping Wu, Xiang-Pei Liu, Yu-Xuan Wang, Hao-Ze Chen, Mudassar Maraj, Youjin Deng, Xing-Can Yao, Yu-Ao Chen, Jian-Wei Pan

Published Oct 25, 2019• 8 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1016/j.scib.2019.10.022

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As a means of realizing oscillatory pairing between fermions, we study superfluid pairing between two fermion ``spin'' species that are confined to adjustable spin-dependent trapping potentials. Focusing on the one-dimensional limit, we find that with increasing separation between the spin-dependent traps, the fermions exhibit distinct phases, including a fully paired phase, a spin-imbalanced phase with oscillatory pairing, and an unpaired fully spin-polarized phase. We obtain the phase diagram of fermions in such a spin-split trap and discuss signatures of these phases in cold-atom experiments.
Using effective field theory approach we study a homogeneous superfluid state with a single (gapless) Fermi surface, recently suggested as a possible phase for an ultracold Fermi gas with spin-population imbalance. We find an unconventional form of the interaction between vortices. The presence of gapless fermions gives rise to an attractive long-range potential oscillating in space, analogous to the RKKY magnetic interaction in metals. Our study then leads to an interesting question as to the nature of the vortex lattice in the presence of competition between the usual repulsive logarithmic Coulomb and fermion-induced attractive oscillatory interactions.