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arXiv:1702.07972 · Laser Physics Letters

Ionic vibration induced transparency and Autler–Townes splitting

Wenjun Shao, Fei Wang, Xun-Li Feng, C H Oh

Published Mar 7, 2017• 3 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Abstract In this work, the absorption spectrum of a two-level ion in a linear Paul trap is investigated, the ion is supposed to be driven by two orthogonal laser beams, the one along the axial of the trap acts as the control light beam, the other as probe beam. When the frequency of the control laser is tuned to the first red sideband of the ionic transition, the coupling between the internal states of the ion and vibrational mode turns out to be a Jaynes–Cummings (JC) Hamiltonian, which together with the coupling between the probe beam and the two-level ion constructs a Λ -type three-level structure. In this case the transparency window may appear in the absorption spectrum of the probe light, which is induced by the ionic vibration and is very similar to the cavity induced transparency (Rice and Brecha 1996 Opt. Commun . 126 230–5). On the other hand, when the frequency of the control laser is tuned to the first blue sideband of the ionic transition, the two-level ion and vibrational mode are governed by an anti-Jaynes–Cummings (anti-JC) Hamiltonian, the total system including the probe beam forms a V -type three-level structure. And the Autler–Townes splitting in the absorption spectrum is found.

DOI
10.1088/1612-202x/aa621e

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Abstract In this work, the absorption spectrum of a two-level ion in a linear Paul trap is investigated, the ion is supposed to be driven by two orthogonal laser beams, the one along the axial of the trap acts as the control light beam, the other as probe beam. When the frequency of the control laser is tuned to the first red sideband of the ionic transition, the coupling between the internal states of the ion and vibrational mode turns out to be a Jaynes–Cummings (JC) Hamiltonian, which together with the coupling between the probe beam and the two-level ion constructs a Λ -type three-level structure. In this case the transparency window may appear in the absorption spectrum of the probe light, which is induced by the ionic vibration and is very similar to the cavity induced transparency (Rice and Brecha 1996 Opt. Commun . 126 230–5). On the other hand, when the frequency of the control laser is tuned to the first blue sideband of the ionic transition, the two-level ion and vibrational mode are governed by an anti-Jaynes–Cummings (anti-JC) Hamiltonian, the total system including the probe beam forms a V -type three-level structure. And the Autler–Townes splitting in the absorption spectrum is found.
We study the spectra of collective low excitations of two atomic ion ensembles which are confined in a liner trap by addressing lases. When the left ensemble is driven by an external optical field, its corresponding response spectrum to the incident optical light shows a vibration-induced transparency phenomenon when the detuning of the laser addressing the ion is tuned to the first red sideband. In the case of the detuning tuned to the first blue sideband, the response spectrum shows a conversion from the absorption peak to the transparency window. Furthermore, we investigate the fluctuation spectra of the collective excitation modes of ion ensemble and show the similar phenomena.
Summary form only given. If in general the transparency of an initially absorbing medium for a probe field is increased by the presence of a control field on an adjacent transition, two very different processes can be invoked to explain it. One of them is a quantum Fano interference between two paths in the three-level system, which occurs even at low control intensity and gives rise to electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT), the other one is the appearance of two dressed states in the excited level at higher control intensity, corresponding to the Autler-Townes splitting (ATS). This distinction is particularly critical for instance for the implementation of slow light or optical quantum memories. In a recent paper, P. M. Anisimov, J. P. Dowling and B. C. Sanders proposed a quantitative test to objectively discerning ATS from EIT. We experimentally investigated this test with cold atoms and demonstrated that it is very sensitive to the specific properties of the medium. In this study, we use an ensemble of cold Cesium atoms trapped in a MOT, interacting with light via a Λ-type scheme on the D2 line. Absorption profiles are obtained for various values of the control Rabi frequency Ω between 0.1Γ and 4Γ, where Γ is the natural linewidth.
Abstract Discerning electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) from Autler–Townes splitting (ATS) is a significant issue in quantum optics and has attracted wide attention in various three-level configurations. Here we present a detailed study of EIT and ATS in a five-level atomic system considered to be composed of a four-level Y-type subsystem and a three-level Λ-type subsystem. In our theoretical calculations with standard density matrix formalism and steady-state approximation, we obtain the general analytical expression of the first-order matrix element responsible for the probe-field absorption. In light of the well-known three-level EIT and ATS criteria, we numerically show an intersection of EIT with ATS for the Y-type subsystem. Furthermore, we show that an EIT dip is sandwiched between two ATS dips (i.e., multi-dip mixture of EIT and ATS) in the absorption line for the five-level system, which can be explained by the dressed-state theory and Fano interference.
Abstract We use biorthogonal basis consisting of the ‘right’ and ‘left’ eigenvectors of the effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian of a three-level Λ system driven by a bi-chromatic field, and resolve the probe absorption spectrum into components corresponding to the decaying dressed states of the system. It is observed that the spectrum primarily consists of three components and two of them undergo dramatic changes when the control field Rabi frequency is changed from the low to high field regime. Based on the symmetry properties of a combination of these components, a parameter internal to the dynamics of the system is defined and is used to distinguish between electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler–Townes (AT) splitting, and the threshold for transition between them in an objective manner. The formulation is further extended to the resonance fluorescence spectrum on the probe transition in the EIT and AT regimes.
Abstract In this paper, we present a theoretical analysis of the burning of a narrow transparency window on the enhanced absorption spectrum of a probe laser in a triple resonance configuration visualized as a V-type plus a two-level system. The transparency window is due to coherence effects causing electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a V-type system (i.e. Autler–Townes splitting plus quantum interference), for atomic vapor at a finite temperature. Additionally, the EIT window is enhanced by velocity induced population oscillation effect, velocity selective saturation effect, optical pumping effect (a source of ground state level population dynamics) and wavelength mismatch of the resonant laser fields forming a V-type configuration.
The damped and coherently-driven JaynesndashndashndashCummings model
We investigate the influence of a single-mode cavity on the Autler–Townes doublet that arises when a three-level atom is strongly driven by a laser field tuned to one of the atomic transitions and probed by a tunable, weak field coupled to the other transition. We assume that the cavity mode is coupled to the driven transition and the cavity and laser frequencies are equal to the atomic transition frequency. We find that the Autler–Townes spectrum can have one, two or three peaks depending on the relative magnitudes of the Rabi frequencies of the cavity and driving fields. We show that, in order to understand the three-peaked spectrum, it is necessary to go beyond the secular approximation, leading to interesting quantum interference effects. We find that the positions and relative intensities of the three spectral components are affected strongly by the atom–cavity coupling strength g and the cavity damping κ. For an increasing g and/or decreasing κ the triplet evolves into a single peak. This results in 'undressing' of the system such that the atom collapses into its ground state. We interpret the spectral features in terms of the semiclassical dressed-atom model, and also provide complementary views of the cavity effects in terms of quantum Langevin equations and the fully quantized, 'double-dressing' model.