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arXiv:1701.07876 · Physical review. B./Physical review. B

Frustrated honeycomb-lattice bilayer quantum antiferromagnet in a magnetic field: Unconventional phase transitions in a two-dimensional isotropic Heisenberg model

Taras Krokhmalskii, Vasyl Baliha, Oleg Derzhko, Jörg Schulenburg, Johannes Richter

Published Mar 13, 2017• 17 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We consider the spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on a bilayer honeycomb lattice including interlayer frustration in the presence of an external magnetic field. In the vicinity of the saturation field, we map the low-energy states of this quantum system onto the spatial configurations of hard hexagons on a honeycomb lattice. As a result, we can construct effective classical models (lattice-gas as well as Ising models) on the honeycomb lattice to calculate the properties of the frustrated quantum Heisenberg spin system in the low-temperature regime. We perform classical Monte Carlo simulations for a hard-hexagon model and adopt known results for an Ising model to discuss the finite-temperature order-disorder phase transition that is driven by a magnetic field at low temperatures. We also discuss an effective-model description around the ideal frustration case and find indications for a spin-flop-like transition in the considered isotropic spin model.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.95.094419

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We consider the spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on a bilayer honeycomb lattice including interlayer frustration in the presence of an external magnetic field. In the vicinity of the saturation field, we map the low-energy states of this quantum system onto the spatial configurations of hard hexagons on a honeycomb lattice. As a result, we can construct effective classical models (lattice-gas as well as Ising models) on the honeycomb lattice to calculate the properties of the frustrated quantum Heisenberg spin system in the low-temperature regime. We perform classical Monte Carlo simulations for a hard-hexagon model and adopt known results for an Ising model to discuss the finite-temperature order-disorder phase transition that is driven by a magnetic field at low temperatures. We also discuss an effective-model description around the ideal frustration case and find indications for a spin-flop-like transition in the considered isotropic spin model.
We investigate the thermodynamic properties of the frustrated bilayer quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnet at low temperatures in the vicinity of the saturation magnetic field. The low-energy degrees of freedom of the spin model are mapped onto a hard-square gas on a square lattice. We use exact diagonalization data for finite spin systems to check the validity of such a description. Using a classical Monte Carlo method we give a quantitative description of the thermodynamics of the spin model at low temperatures around the saturation field. The main peculiarity of the considered two-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet is related to a phase transition of the hard-square model on the square lattice, which belongs to the two-dimensional Ising model universality class. It manifests itself in a logarithmic (low-) temperature singularity of the specific heat of the spin system observed for magnetic fields just below the saturation field.
The magnetic properties of the two-dimensional S = 1 2 (quantum) antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on a honeycomb lattice with and without interlayer coupling are studied by means of a continuous Euclidean time Quantum-Monte-Carlo algorithm.The internal energy, the magnetic susceptibility and the staggered magnetization are determined in the full temperature range.For the two-dimensional system the groundstate energy/bond is found to be E hc 0 = -0.36303(13),and the zero temperature staggered magnetization m st = 0.2681(8).For coupled planes of honeycomb systems a phase transition from an ordered phase to a disordered phase is found at T /J = 0.695(10).
In this work the ordering processes in classical frustrated Ising models and the ground-state behavior of frustrated quantum spin models are investigated. In the first part the phase transition from a high-temperature paramagnetic phase to a antiferromagnetic ground state is analyzed for the square-lattice Ising model with competing antiferromagnetic interactions between nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor spins. In the case of spatially isotropic interactions the phase transition to a collinear state is of special interest. Using Monte-Carlo simulations on finite lattices as well as field-theoretical methods for the continuous model it is shown that depending on the frustration three different sectors can be distinguished that show (i) Ising-universal behavior (ii) Ashkin-Teller-like non-universal behavior (varying critical exponents) and (iii) non-critical first-order behavior. For spatially anisotropic interactions the emergence of an intermediate incommensurate phase is verified by means of Monte-Carlo simulations which has been predicted by earlier mean-field calculations. The nature of this phase is studied analyzing spin-spin correlation functions and its ordering wave-vector reveals a strong temperature and size dependence. In the second part the influence of quantum fluctuations on classical antiferromagnetic ground states are investigated in anisotropic quantum spin-1/2 Heisenberg models with competing interactions. Using quantum Monte-Carlo simulations, exact diagonalization and perturbation theory the ground-state phase diagrams are calculated for a square lattice with nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor interactions and a honeycomb lattice with up to third-nearest-neighbor interactions whereby the fluctuations are chosen to be non-frustrating. For both cases the stability regions of classical magnetic states are identified and an intermediate phase is detected that shows no sign of long-range magnetic order. Further calculations also rule out valence-bond-crystal or topological order for this state, thus a quantum disordered ground state is stabilized in these models.
We consider the S = 1 / 2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on a frustrated kagome-lattice bilayer with strong nearest-neighbor interlayer coupling and examine its low-temperature magnetothermodynamics using a mapping onto a rhombi gas on the kagome lattice. Besides, we use finite-size numerics to illustrate the validity of the classical lattice-gas description. Among our findings there are (i) the absence of an order-disorder phase transition and (ii) the sensitivity of the specific heat at low temperatures to the shape of the system just below the saturation magnetic field even in the thermodynamic limit.
The spin-1/21/21/2 quantum Heisenberg model on the diamond-decorated honeycomb lattice in a magnetic field is investigated using complementary analytical and numerical methods. The ground-state phase diagram comprises Lieb-Mattis ferrimagnetic, dimer-tetramer, monomer-dimer, spin-canted, and saturated paramagnetic phases, giving rise to characteristic magnetization plateaus, continuous and discontinuous field-induced transitions. In the highly frustrated regime, a localized-magnon approach based on an effective classical lattice-gas model provides an accurate description of the low-temperature magnetism and thermodynamics in agreement with numerical results. At intermediate frustration, finite-temperature calculations reveal characteristic specific-heat signatures of the field-induced transitions including the development of Ising critical behavior at the field-induced transition between the monomer-dimer and Lieb-Mattis ferrimagnetic phase.
We use a combination of analytical and numerical techniques to study the phase diagram of the frustrated Heisenberg model on the bilayer honeycomb lattice. Using the Schwinger-boson description of the spin operators followed by a mean-field decoupling, the magnetic phase diagram is studied as a function of the frustration coupling J2{J}_{2}J2​ and the interlayer coupling ${J}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$. The presence of both magnetically ordered and disordered phases is investigated by means of the evaluation of ground-state energy, spin gap, local magnetization, and spin-spin correlations. We observe a phase with a spin gap and short-range N\'eel correlations that survives for nonzero next-nearest-neighbor interaction and interlayer coupling. Furthermore, we detect signatures of a reentrant behavior in the melting of the N\'eel phase and symmetry restoring when the system undergoes a transition from an on-layer nematic valence-bond crystal phase to an interlayer valence-bond crystal phase. We complement our work with exact diagonalization on small clusters and dimer-series expansion calculations, together with a linear spin-wave approach to study the phase diagram as a function of the spin SSS, the frustration, and the interlayer couplings.