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arXiv:1701.02251 · Physical review. D/Physical review. D.

Effect of relativistic acceleration on continuous variable quantum teleportation and dense coding

Piotr T. Grochowski, Grzegorz Rajchel-Mieldzioć, Filip Kiałka, Andrzej Dragan

Published May 26, 2017• 23 citations
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Abstract

We investigate how relativistic acceleration of the observers can affect the performance of the quantum teleportation and dense coding for continuous variable states of localized wave packets. Such protocols are typically optimized for symmetric resources prepared in an inertial frame of reference. A mismatch of the sender's and the receiver's accelerations can introduce asymmetry to the shared entanglement, which has an effect on the efficiency of the protocol that goes beyond entanglement degradation due to acceleration. We show how these asymmetry losses can be reduced by an extra local operations and classical communication (LOCC) step in the protocols.

DOI
10.1103/physrevd.95.105005

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We investigate how relativistic acceleration of the observers can affect the performance of the quantum teleportation and dense coding for continuous variable states of localized wave packets. Such protocols are typically optimized for symmetric resources prepared in an inertial frame of reference. A mismatch of the sender's and the receiver's accelerations can introduce asymmetry to the shared entanglement, which has an effect on the efficiency of the protocol that goes beyond entanglement degradation due to acceleration. We show how these asymmetry losses can be reduced by an extra local operations and classical communication (LOCC) step in the protocols.
The interaction of an accelerated observer with a quantum field can modify the entanglement and quantum information shared between observers, thereby affecting quantum communication in non-inertial frames. We formulate the standard teleportation protocol in a relativistic setting where Alice remains inertial while Rob undergoes uniform acceleration and is modeled as an Unruh-DeWitt detector locally coupled to a massive scalar field. The detector-field interaction initially leads to a loss of entanglement and quantum information shared between Alice and Rob. Remarkably, under acceleration, the anti-Unruh regime can reverse this degradation, leading to an increase in both the shared entanglement and the accessible quantum information. We further find that, in the anti-Unruh regime, the teleportation fidelity is independent of the local free-evolution time of Alice's and Rob's states. At high accelerations, the recovered entanglement and quantum information enhance the teleportation fidelity, which approaches unity under appropriate conditions. These results demonstrate that the anti-Unruh effect can protect and recover quantum entanglement and information in a non-inertial frame by reducing the detector's effective temperature and the associated decoherence.
We study how an arbitrary Gaussian state of two localized wave packets, prepared in an inertial frame of reference, is described by a pair of uniformly accelerated observers. We explicitly compute the resulting state for arbitrarily chosen proper accelerations of the observers and independently tuned distance between them. To do so, we introduce a generalized Rindler frame of reference and analytically derive the corresponding state transformation as a Gaussian channel. Our approach provides several new insights into the phenomenon of vacuum entanglement such as the highly nontrivial effect of spatial separation between the observers including sudden death of entanglement. We also calculate the fidelity of the two-mode channel for nonvacuum Gaussian states and obtain bounds on classical and quantum capacities of a single-mode channel. Our framework can be directly applied to any continuous variable quantum information protocol in which the effects of acceleration or gravity cannot be neglected.
Efficiencies of quantum information protocols can be affected by the noninertial motion of involved parties, e.g., in a gravitational field. Most of the previous studies focused on the effects of such a motion on a bipartite entanglement as a resource. We show how a tripartite Gaussian resource state of continuous variables is affected by the acceleration of the observers. Specifically, we analyze how genuine tripartite entanglement degrades due to the motion for various initial states and trajectories of the involved parties.
We consider a continuous-variable quantum teleportation protocol between a uniformly accelerated sender in the right Rindler wedge, a conformal receiver restricted to the future light cone, and an inertial observer in the Minkowski vacuum. Using a nonperturbative quantum circuit model, the accelerated observer interacts unitarily with the Rindler modes of the field, thereby accessing entanglement of the vacuum as a resource. We find that a Rindler-displaced Minkowski vacuum state prepared and teleported by the accelerated observer appears mixed according to the inertial observer, despite a reduction of the quadrature variances below classical limits. This is a surprising result, since the same state transmitted directly from the accelerated observer appears as a pure coherent state to the inertial observer. The decoherence of the state is caused by an interplay of opposing effects as the acceleration increases: the reduction of vacuum noise in the output state for a stronger entanglement resource, constrained by the amplification of thermal noise due to the presence of Unruh radiation.
Influences of an asymmetric noisy quantum channel on continuous variable entanglement and quantum teleportation are investigated. It is shown that when the resource of entanglement is a two-mode squeezed-vacuum state, the amount of the shared entanglement and the performance of the quantum teleportation are greater (smaller) in the symmetric quantum channel than in the asymmetric one if , where and are the average photon numbers of the two-mode squeezed-vacuum state and the thermal noise. When the quantum teleportation is carried out in the asymmetric quantum channel, introducing an additional loss makes better the performance of the quantum teleportation under certain conditions. The introduction of an additional loss makes smaller not only the shared entanglement but also the degree of the channel asymmetry.
The performance of quantum information protocols can be impacted by the noninertial motion of parties such as in a gravitational field. Previous studies have primarily focused on the degradation of entanglement for global modes, revealing that bipartite entanglement vanishes in the limit of large acceleration, whereas tripartite entanglement does not. In this study, we examine the impact of acceleration on tripartite Gaussian resource states encoded in spatially localized wave packets. Contrarily to prior findings, we observe that genuine tripartite entanglement (GTE) vanishes in the limit of large acceleration for various initial states and observer trajectories.