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arXiv:1611.09612

Dissipative Preparation of Entangled Many-Body States with Rydberg Atoms

Maryam Roghani, Hendrik Weimer

Published Nov 29, 2016• 3 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We investigate a one-dimensional atomic lattice laser-driven to a Rydberg state, in which engineered dissipation channels lead to entanglement in the many-body system. In particular, we demonstrate the efficient generation of ground states of a frustration-free Hamiltonian, as well as $W$ states. We discuss the realization of the required coherent and dissipative terms, and we perform extensive numerical simulations characterizing the fidelity of the state preparation procedure. We identify the optimum parameters for high fidelity entanglement preparation and investigate the scaling with the size of the system.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1611.09612

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We investigate a one-dimensional atomic lattice laser-driven to a Rydberg state, in which engineered dissipation channels lead to entanglement in the many-body system. In particular, we demonstrate the efficient generation of ground states of a frustration-free Hamiltonian, as well as WWW states. We discuss the realization of the required coherent and dissipative terms, and we perform extensive numerical simulations characterizing the fidelity of the state preparation procedure. We identify the optimum parameters for high fidelity entanglement preparation and investigate the scaling with the size of the system.
Abstract We investigate a one-dimensional atomic lattice laser-driven to a Rydberg state, in which engineered dissipation channels lead to entanglement in the many-body system. In particular, we demonstrate the efficient generation of ground states of a frustration-free Hamiltonian, as well as states closely related to W states. We discuss the realization of the required coherent and dissipative terms, and we perform extensive numerical simulations characterizing the fidelity of the state preparation procedure. We identify the optimum parameters for high fidelity entanglement preparation and investigate the scaling with the size of the system.
Non-equilibrium quantum dynamics represents an emerging paradigm for condensed matter physics, quantum information science, and statistical mechanics. Strongly interacting Rydberg atoms offer an attractive platform to examine driven-dissipative dynamics of quantum spin models with long-range order. Here, we explore the conditions under which stationary many-body entanglement persists with near-unit fidelity and high scalability. In our approach, coherent many-body dynamics is driven by Rydberg-mediated laser transitions, while atoms at the lattice boundary locally reduce the entropy of the many-body system. Surprisingly, the many-body entanglement is established by continuously evolving a locally dissipative Rydberg system towards the steady state, precisely as with optical pumping. We characterize the dynamics of multipartite entanglement in an one-dimensional lattice by way of quantum uncertainty relations, and demonstrate the long-range behavior of the stationary entanglement with finite-size scaling. Our work opens a route towards dissipative preparation of many-body entanglement with unprecedented scaling behavior.
Abstract Preparation of entangled steady states via dissipation and pumping in Rydberg atoms has been recently found to be useful for quantum information processing. The driven-dissipative dynamics is closely related to the natural linewidth of the Rydberg states and can be usually modulated by engineering the thermal reservior. Instead of modifying the effectively radiative decay, we propose an alternatively optimized scheme, which combines the resonant Rydberg antiblockade excitation and the Lyapunov control of the ground states to speed up the prepration of the singlet state for two interacting Rydberg atoms. The acceleration process strongly depends on the initial state of the system with respect to the initial coherence between the singlet state and decoherence-sensitive bright state. We study the optimal parameter regime for fast entanglement preparation and the robustness of the fidelity against random noises. The numerical results show that a fidelity above 0.99 can be achieved around 0.4 ms with the current experimental parameters. The scheme may be generalized for preparation of more complicate multi-atom entangled states.
Abstract By using the Lyapunov control approach—an optimization algorithm, we propose a dissipative scheme for efficiently preparing the three-dimensional entangled state of two Rydberg atoms, which subject to Rydberg–Rydberg interactions at the antiblockade regime. The steady target state is the unique dark state of the two-atom system, and is achieved with high fidelity under the Rydberg pumping and the atomic spontaneous emission. The time required to settle into the high-fidelity steady state is greatly accelerated by the help of Lyapunov control, which takes effects while the system is initially prepared in the states containing coherence between the dark state and decoherence-sensitive bright states. The numerical results show that a fidelity of the steady three-dimensional entangled state above 0.99 can be achieved around 2.2 ms with the current experimental conditions. We study in detail the optimal control parameters and show the robustness of the scheme against random noises. The scheme may be generalized for preparation of more complicate multi-atom entangled states.
Engineered dissipation is emerging as an alternative tool for quantum state control, enabling high-fidelity preparation, transfer and stabilization, and access to novel phase transitions. We realize a tunable, state-resolved laser-induced loss channel for individual Rydberg atoms, in both noninteracting and strongly correlated settings. This capability allows us to reveal interaction-driven shifts of the exceptional point separating quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno regimes, and to demonstrate interaction-enhanced decay. By exploiting interaction-dependent energy level shifts, we observe a configuration-selective two-body Zeno effect that freezes target spin states. We theoretically show that when this mechanism is extended to many-body chains it allows for the dissipative distillation of unwanted spin configurations. These experimental studies establish a versatile approach for exploring strongly interacting, open quantum spin systems, and open possible new routines for dissipative preparation of correlated quantum states in Rydberg atom arrays.
Preparing correlated quantum states is essential for emerging technologies, but remains challenging in many-body systems. Here we propose a dissipative protocol that engineers nonreciprocal, energy-selective transitions to steer dipolar quantum systems toward desired many-body states. This is realized by introducing two types of controllable dissipative auxiliary atoms that act as nonreciprocal excitation and de-excitation channels, respectively, enabling a directional walk in Hilbert space. This approach enables stabilization of states across the many-body spectrum, not limited to the ground state and requiring no \textit{a priori} knowledge of the Hamiltonian. Our approach is designed for neutral atoms in dipolar Rydberg arrays, but applies broadly to setups with similar capabilities, providing a flexible and scalable framework for state preparation in programmable platforms.