We derive the relativistic formulas for the van der Waals coefficients of Yb--alkali-metal dimers that correlate to ground and excited separated-atom limits. We calculate
C6 and
C8 coefficients of particular experimental interest. We also derive a semiempirical formula that expresses the
C8 coefficient of heteronuclear
A+B dimers in terms of the
C6 and
C8 coefficients of homonuclear dimers and the static dipole and quadrupole polarizabilities of the atomic states
A and
B. We report results of calculation of the
C6 coefficients for the Yb-Rb
3P1o+5s2S1/2 and
1S0+5p2P1/2o dimers, and the
C8 coefficients for the Yb-Li
1S0+2s2S1/2 and Yb-Rb
1S0+5s2S1/2 dimers. Uncertainties are estimated for all predicted properties.