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arXiv:1607.02639 · Physical Review A

Analytic next-to-nearest-neighbor XX models with perfect state transfer and fractional revival

Matthias Christandl, Luc Vinet, Alexei S. Zhedanov

Published Sep 25, 2017• 34 citations
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Abstract

Certain nonuniformly coupled spin chains can exhibit perfect transfer of quantum states from end to end. Motivated by recent experimental implementations in evanescently coupled waveguide arrays, we extend the simplest such chain to next-to-nearest-neighbor couplings. It is shown analytically that perfect state transfer can be maintained under the extension and that end-to-end entanglement generation (fractional revival) can occur.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.96.032335

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•Jan 1, 2016•0 citations
Certain nonuniformly coupled spin chains can exhibit perfect transfer of quantum states from end to end. Motivated by recent experimental implementations in evanescently coupled waveguide arrays, we extend the simplest such chain to next-to-nearest-neighbor couplings. It is shown analytically that perfect state transfer can be maintained under the extension and that end-to-end entanglement generation (fractional revival) can occur.
Abstract We introduce an analytical XX spin chain with asymmetrical transport properties. It has an even number N + 1 of sites labeled by . It does not exhibit perfect state transfer (PST) from end-to-end but rather from the first site to the next to last one. In fact, PST of one-excitation states takes place between the even sites: , ; while states localized at a single odd site undergo fractional revival (FR) over odd sites only. Perfect return is witnessed at double the PST/FR time. The couplings and local magnetic fields are related to the recurrence coefficients of the dual −1 Hahn polynomials.
In this paper we build on the ideas presented in previous works for perfectly transferring a quantum state between opposite ends of a spin chain using a fixed Hamiltonian. While all previous studies have concentrated on nearest-neighbor couplings, we demonstrate how to incorporate additional terms in the Hamiltonian by solving an inverse eigenvalue problem. We also explore issues relating to the choice of the eigenvalue spectrum of the Hamiltonian, such as the tolerance to errors and the rate of information transfer.
Quantum information transfer is an important part of quantum information processing. Several proposals for quantum information transfer along linear arrays of nearest-neighbor coupled qubits or spins were made recently. Perfect transfer was shown to exist in two models with specifically designed strongly inhomogeneous couplings. We show that perfect transfer occurs in an entire class of chains, including systems whose nearest-neighbor couplings vary only weakly along the chain. The key to these observations is the Jordan-Wigner mapping of spins to noninteracting lattice fermions that display perfectly periodic dynamics if the single-particle energy spectrum is appropriate. After a half-period of that dynamics, any state is transformed into its mirror image with respect to the center of the chain. The absence of fermion interactions preserves these features at an arbitrary temperature and allows for the transfer of nontrivially entangled states of several spins or qubits.
Coherent state transfer is an important requirement in the construction of quantum computer hardware. The state transfer can be realized by linear next-neighbour-coupled finite chains. Starting from the commensurability of chain eigenvalues as the general condition of periodic dynamics, we find chains that support full periodic state revivals. For short chains, exact solutions are found analytically by solving the inverse eigenvalue problem to obtain the coupling coefficients between chain elements. We apply the solutions to design optical waveguide arrays and perform numerical simulations of light propagation thorough realistic waveguide structures. Applications of the presented method to the realization of a parallel bus for quantum states, perfect transfer and edge oscillations are proposed and considered in detail.