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arXiv:1606.08459 · Annals of Physics

Gaussian ensemble for quantum integrable dynamics

Hyungwon Kim, Anatoli Polkovnikov, Emil A. Yuzbashyan

Published Apr 20, 2017• 4 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1016/j.aop.2017.03.022

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Integrable quantum many-body systems are considered to equilibrate to generalized Gibbs ensembles (GGEs) characterized by the expectation values of integrals of motion. We study the dynamics of exactly solvable quadratic bosonic systems in the thermodynamic limit, and show a general mechanism for the relaxation to GGEs, in terms of the diagonal singularity. We show analytically and explicitly that a free bosonic system relaxes from a general (not necessarily Gaussian) initial state under certain physical conditions to a Gaussian GGE. We also show the relaxation to a Gaussian GGE in an exactly solvable coupled system, a harmonic oscillator linearly interacting with bosonic reservoirs.
We present a systematic construction of probes into the dynamics of isospectral ensembles of Hamiltonians by the notion of Isospectral twirling, expanding the scopes and methods of ref. [1]. The relevant ensembles of Hamiltonians are those defined by salient spectral probability distributions. The Gaussian Unitary Ensembles (GUE) describes a class of quantum chaotic Hamiltonians, while spectra corresponding to the Poisson and Gaussian Diagonal Ensemble (GDE) describe non chaotic, integrable dynamics. We compute the Isospectral twirling of several classes of important quantities in the analysis of quantum many-body systems: Frame potentials, Loschmidt Echos, OTOCs, Entanglement, Tripartite mutual information, coherence, distance to equilibrium states, work in quantum batteries and extension to CP-maps. Moreover, we perform averages in these ensembles by random matrix theory and show how these quantities clearly separate chaotic quantum dynamics from non chaotic ones.
We study analytically and numerically the non-equilibrium dynamics of an isolated interacting many-body quantum system following a random quench. We model the system Hamiltonian by Embedded Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble (EGOE) of random matrices with one plus few-body interactions for fermions. EGOE are paradigmatic models to study the crossover from integrability to chaos in interacting many-body quantum systems. We obtain a generic formulation, based on spectral variances, for describing relaxation dynamics of survival probabilities as a function of rank of interactions. Our analytical results are in good agreement with numerics.