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arXiv:1606.04821 · New Journal of Physics

Quantum dynamics of trapped ions in a dynamic field gradient using dressed states

Sabine Wölk, Christof Wunderlich

Published Aug 21, 2017• 25 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Novel ion traps that provide either a static or a dynamic magnetic gradient field allow for the use of radio-frequency radiation for coupling internal and motional states of ions, which is essential for conditional quantum logic. We show that the Hamiltonian describing this coupling in the presence of a resonant dynamic gradient, is identical, in a dressed state basis, to the Hamiltonian in the case of a static gradient. The coupling strength is in both cases described by the same effective Lamb-Dicke parameter. This insight can be used to overcome demanding experimental requirements when using a dynamic gradient field for state-of-the-art experiments with trapped ions, for example, in quantum information science. At the same time, this insight opens new experimental perspectives by way of using a single resonant or detuned dynamic gradient field, inducing long-range coupling, for conditional multi-qubit dynamics.

DOI
10.1088/1367-2630/aa7b22

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Novel ion traps that provide either a static or a dynamic magnetic gradient field allow for the use of radio-frequency radiation for coupling internal and motional states of ions, which is essential for conditional quantum logic. We show that the Hamiltonian describing this coupling in the presence of a resonant dynamic gradient, is identical, in a dressed state basis, to the Hamiltonian in the case of a static gradient. The coupling strength is in both cases described by the same effective Lamb-Dicke parameter. This insight can be used to overcome demanding experimental requirements when using a dynamic gradient field for state-of-the-art experiments with trapped ions, for example, in quantum information science. At the same time, this insight opens new experimental perspectives by way of using a single resonant or detuned dynamic gradient field, inducing long-range coupling, for conditional multi-qubit dynamics.
The key research aim of the present thesis is the building of a universal set of quantum gates for a long wavelength trapped-ion quantum information processor. It is desired to realise quantum computation using microwave and radio wave sources in a linear ion trap, where a static magnetic field gradient has been added to enhance motional and atomic state coupling. Furthermore, the qubit is constructed with the intrinsic use of superposition states generated with the help of constant microwave fields in the background: dressed states. This technique is essential for the shielding of the quantum operations against the unavoidable effects of magnetic noise. After reviewing the preliminary results and discussing briefly an auxiliary experimental technique intrinsic to the set-up, we introduce the magnetic gradient coupling and the dressed state scheme. We then proceed to illustrate how single and multi-qubit gates can be realised within such a system. Theoretical arguments are supplemented by numerical simulation and sources of experimental noise are taken into account.
Abstract We propose a set of techniques that enable universal quantum computing to be carried out using dressed states. This applies in particular to the effort of realizing quantum computation in trapped ions using long-wavelength radiation, where coupling enhancement is achieved by means of static magnetic-field gradient. We show how the presence of dressing fields enables the construction of robust single and multi-qubit gates despite the unavoidable presence of magnetic noise, an approach that can be generalized to provide shielding in any analogous quantum system that relies on the coupling of electronic degrees of freedom via bosonic modes.
A proposal for a phase gate and a Mølmer–Sørensen gate in the dressed state basis is presented. In order to perform the multi-qubit interaction, a strong magnetic field gradient is required to couple the phonon-bus to the qubit states. The gate is performed using resonant microwave driving fields together with either a radio-frequency (RF) driving field, or additional detuned microwave driving fields. The gate is robust to ambient magnetic field fluctuations due to an applied resonant microwave driving field. Furthermore, the gate is robust to fluctuations in the microwave Rabi frequency and is decoupled from phonon dephasing due to a resonant RF or a detuned microwave driving field. This makes this new gate an attractive candidate for the implementation of high-fidelity microwave based multi-qubit gates. The proposal can also be realized in laser-based set-ups.
We propose a set of techniques that enable universal quantum computing to be carried out using dressed states. This applies in particular to the effort of realizing quantum computation in trapped ions using long-wavelength radiation, where coupling enhancement is achieved by means of static magnetic-field gradient. We show how the presence of dressing fields enables the construction of robust single and multi-qubit gates despite the unavoidable presence of magnetic noise, an approach that can be generalized to provide shielding in any analogous quantum system that relies on the coupling of electronic degrees of freedom via bosonic modes.
A proposal for a phase gate and a Mølmer–Sørensen gate in the dressed state basis is presented. In order to perform the multi-qubit interaction, a strong magnetic field gradient is required to couple the phonon-bus to the qubit states. The gate is performed using resonant microwave driving fields together with either a radio-frequency (RF) driving field, or additional detuned microwave driving fields. The gate is robust to ambient magnetic field fluctuations due to an applied resonant microwave driving field. Furthermore, the gate is robust to fluctuations in the microwave Rabi frequency and is decoupled from phonon dephasing due to a resonant RF or a detuned microwave driving field. This makes this new gate an attractive candidate for the implementation of high-fidelity microwave based multi-qubit gates. The proposal can also be realized in laser-based set-ups.