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arXiv:1606.04807 · Physical Review A

Non-Hermitian Swanson model with a time-dependent metric

Andreas Fring, M. H. Y. Moussa

Published Oct 26, 2016• 71 citations
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Abstract

We provide further nontrivial solutions to the recently proposed time-dependent Dyson and quasi-Hermiticity relation. Here, we solve them for the generalized version of the non-Hermitian Swanson Hamiltonian with time-dependent coefficients. We construct time-dependent solutions by employing the Lewis-Riesenfeld method of invariants and discuss concrete physical applications of our results.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.94.042128

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We provide further nontrivial solutions to the recently proposed time-dependent Dyson and quasi-Hermiticity relation. Here, we solve them for the generalized version of the non-Hermitian Swanson Hamiltonian with time-dependent coefficients. We construct time-dependent solutions by employing the Lewis-Riesenfeld method of invariants and discuss concrete physical applications of our results.
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Abstract We propose and explore a scheme that leads to an infinite series of time-dependent Dyson maps which associate different Hermitian Hamiltonians to a uniquely specified time-dependent non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. We identify the underlying symmetries responsible for this feature respected by various Lewis–Riesenfeld invariants. The latter are used to facilitate the explicit construction of the Dyson maps and metric operators. As a concrete example for which the scheme is worked out in detail we present a two-dimensional system of oscillators that are coupled to each other in a non-Hermitian PT -symmetrical fashion.
It has been argued that it is incompatible to maintain unitary time evolution for time-dependent non-Hermitian Hamiltonians when the metric operator is explicitly time dependent. We demonstrate here that the time-dependent Dyson equation and the time-dependent quasi-Hermiticity relation can be solved consistently in such a scenario for a time-dependent Dyson map and time-dependent metric operator, respectively. These solutions are obtained at the cost of rendering the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian to be a nonobservable operator as it ceases to be quasi-Hermitian when the metric becomes time dependent.
Explicitly time-dependent pseudo-Hermitian (TDPH) invariants theory systems, with a time-dependent (TD) metric, is developed for a time-dependent non Hermitian (TDNH) quantum systems. We derive a simple relation between the eigenstates of this pseudo-Hermitien (PH) invariant and the solutions of the Schrodinger equation. A physical system is treated in detail: the TD Swanson model, where an explicitly TDPH invariant is derived for this system, the eigenvalues and eigenstates of the invariant are calculated explicitly.
In the context of non-Hermitian quantum mechanics, many systems are known to possess a pseudo PT symmetry , i.e. the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian H is related to its adjoint H^{†} via the relation, H^{†}=PTHPT . We propose a derivation of pseudo PT symmetry and η -pseudo-Hermiticity simultaneously for the time dependent non-Hermitian Hamiltonians by intoducing a new metric η(t)=PTη(t) that not satisfy the time-dependent quasi-Hermiticity relation but obeys the Heisenberg evolution equation. Here, we solve the SU(1,1) time-dependent non-Hermitian Hamiltonian and we construct a time-dependent solutions by employing this new metric and discuss a concrete physical applications of our results.
Abstract We provide exact analytical solutions for a two-dimensional explicitly time-dependent non-Hermitian quantum system. While the time-independent variant of the model studied is in the broken PT-symmetric phase for the entire range of the model parameters, and has therefore a partially complex energy eigenspectrum, its time-dependent version has real energy expectation values at all times. In our solution procedure we compare the two equivalent approaches of directly solving the time-dependent Dyson equation with one employing the Lewis–Riesenfeld method of invariants. We conclude that the latter approach simplifies the solution procedure due to the fact that the invariants of the non-Hermitian and Hermitian system are related to each other in a pseudo-Hermitian fashion, which in turn does not hold for their corresponding time-dependent Hamiltonians. Thus constructing invariants and subsequently using the pseudo-Hermiticity relation between them allows to compute the Dyson map and to solve the Dyson equation indirectly. In this way one can bypass to solve nonlinear differential equations, such as the dissipative Ermakov–Pinney equation emerging in our and many other systems.