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arXiv:1604.07914 · Physical Review A

Proposal for implementing universal superadiabatic geometric quantum gates in nitrogen-vacancy centers

Zhen-Tao Liang, Xian-Xian Yue, Qing-Xian Lv, Yan-Xiong Du, Wei Huang, Hui Yan, Shi-Liang Zhu

Published Apr 25, 2016• 75 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We propose a feasible scheme to implement a universal set of quantum gates based on geometric phases and superadiabatic quantum control. Consolidating the advantages of both strategies, the proposed quantum gates are robust and fast. The diamond nitrogen-vacancy center system is adopted as a typical example to illustrate the scheme. We show that these gates can be realized in a simple two-level configuration by appropriately controlling the amplitude, phase, and frequency of just one microwave field. The gate's robust and fast features are confirmed by comparing the fidelity of the proposed superadiabatic geometric phase (controlled-phase) gate with those of two other kinds of phase (controlled-phase) gates.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.93.040305

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We propose a feasible scheme to implement a universal set of quantum gates based on geometric phases and superadiabatic quantum control. Consolidating the advantages of both strategies, the proposed quantum gates are robust and fast. The diamond nitrogen-vacancy center system is adopted as a typical example to illustrate the scheme. We show that these gates can be realized in a simple two-level configuration by appropriately controlling the amplitude, phase, and frequency of just one microwave field. The gate's robust and fast features are confirmed by comparing the fidelity of the proposed superadiabatic geometric phase (controlled-phase) gate with those of two other kinds of phase (controlled-phase) gates.
Geometric phases and holonomies are a promising resource for the realization of high-fidelity quantum operations in noisy devices, due to their intrinsic fault-tolerance against parametric noise. However, for a long time their practical use in quantum computing was limited to proof of principle demonstrations. This was partly due to the need for adiabatic time evolution or the requirement of complex, high-dimensional state spaces and a large number of driving field parameters to achieve universal quantum gates employing holonomies. In 2016 Liang et al. proposed universal, superadiabatic, geometric quantum gates exploiting transitionless quantum driving, thereby offering fast and universal quantum gate performance on a simple two-level system. Here, we report on the experimental implementation of a set of non-commuting single-qubit superadiabatic, geometric quantum gates on the electron spin of the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond under ambient conditions. This provides a promising and powerful tool for large-scale quantum computing under realistic, noisy experimental conditions.
Abstract Geometric quantum computation relies on the geometric phase that arises in adiabatic cyclic evolutions of non-degenerate quantum systems, enabling the design of robust quantum gates. However, the adiabatic condition requires long evolution times, making the system vulnerable to decoherence. In this work, we propose a scheme to realize fast and high-fidelity geometric quantum gates by applying the superadiabatic transitionless driving protocol within the dressed-state framework. We analyze the implementation of single-qubit gates in a two-level system driven by a microwave field, focusing in particular on the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond. We show how the dynamical phase can be canceled to obtain purely geometric operations. The robustness of the gates is assessed under systematic errors and environmental decoherence, demonstrating high fidelity even in regimes with strong fluctuations. Finally, we extend the protocol to construct nontrivial two-qubit gates, highlighting its feasibility for scalable quantum information processing.
Abstract Geometric phases and holonomies are a promising resource for the realization of high-fidelity quantum operations in noisy devices, due to their intrinsic fault-tolerance against parametric noise. However, for a long time their practical use in quantum computing was limited to proof of principle demonstrations. This was partly due to the need for adiabatic time evolution or the requirement of complex, high-dimensional state spaces and a large number of driving field parameters to achieve universal quantum gates employing holonomies. In 2016 Liang et al. proposed universal, superadiabatic, geometric quantum gates exploiting transitionless quantum driving, thereby offering fast and universal quantum gate performance on a simple two-level system. Here, we report on the experimental implementation of a set of non-commuting single-qubit superadiabatic, geometric quantum gates on the electron spin of the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond under ambient conditions. This provides a promising and powerful tool for large-scale quantum computing under realistic, noisy experimental conditions.
Because of using geometric phases, nonadiabatic geometric gates have robustness against control errors.On the other hand, decoherence still affects nonadiabatic geometric gates, which is a key factor in reducing their fidelities.In this paper, we show that based on the system Hamiltonian that realizes a nonadiabatic geometric gate, one may construct a system Hamiltonian by the use of which not only the geometric feature of the nonadiabatic geometric gate is preserved, but also the system's coherence is protected.As a result, a coherence-protected nonadiabatic geometric gate is realized with this system Hamiltonian, and this gate has robustness against both control errors and decoherence.We further implement our scheme with nitrogen-vacancy centers and show that a universal set of coherence-protected nonadiabatic geometric gates can be realized.Our scheme does not need auxiliary systems or the encoding of logical qubits with physical qubits, which saves resources for the implementation.Due to the robustness against both control errors and decoherence, our scheme provides a promising way to realize high-fidelity quantum gates.
We propose efficient schemes for universal quantum gates with the photon polarization states and electron spin states of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond embedded in optical microcavity. A hybrid polarization-spin controlled-NOT gate and a two-qubit controlled phase gate between NV centers in separated cavities are demonstrated in the weak-coupling regime without complex devices or interaction. The gates presented here are deterministic and can be applied directly to a variety of quantum information processing tasks. The feasibility analyses show that our schemes can be accomplished with high fidelity under current technologies and have wide potential applications in quantum communication and computation fields.
We propose a scheme for nonadiabatic noncyclic geometric quantum computation in a decoherence-free subspace (DFS). The physical system we used is a cavity quantum electrodynamics system consisting of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond and a whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microresonator. This scheme not only has the feature of DFSs insensitive to decoherence, but also has the advantage of nonadiabatic noncyclic geometric quantum computation which has the built-in noise-resilience geometric feature and further enhances the robustness due to the ability beyond the limitation of the cyclic condition. An unconventional two-qubit phase gate in DFS has been realized in one step with our parallel protocol, which can largely shorten the computation time and the system error caused by decoherence. In addition, a scheme to realize a parallel process of two evolution paths is put forward to achieve the distribution quantum computation of two WGM microresonators containing a NV center in each. Our scheme may provide a promising way towards the practical realization of high-fidelity geometric quantum computation with the features of a DFS, geometric phase, and parallel implementation process.