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arXiv:1604.04971 · Physical Review A

Reverse engineering of a nonlossy adiabatic Hamiltonian for non-Hermitian systems

Qi‐Cheng Wu, Ye‐Hong Chen, Bi‐Hua Huang, Yan Xia, Jie Song

Published Nov 28, 2016• 22 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We generalize the quantum adiabatic theorem to the non-Hermitian system and build a strict adiabaticity condition to make the adiabatic evolution nonlossy when taking into account the effect of the adiabatic phase. According to the strict adiabaticity condition, the nonadiabatic couplings and the effect of the imaginary part of adiabatic phase should be eliminated as much as possible. Also, the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian reverse-engineering method is proposed for adiabatically driving an artificial quantum state. A concrete two-level system is adopted to show the usefulness of the reverse-engineering method. We obtain the desired target state by adjusting extra rotating magnetic fields at a predefined time. Furthermore, the numerical simulation shows that certain noise and dissipation in the systems are no longer undesirable but play a positive role in the scheme. Therefore, the scheme is quite useful for quantum information processing in some dissipative systems.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.94.053421

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We generalize the quantum adiabatic theorem to the non-Hermitian system and build a strict adiabaticity condition to make the adiabatic evolution nonlossy when taking into account the effect of the adiabatic phase. According to the strict adiabaticity condition, the nonadiabatic couplings and the effect of the imaginary part of adiabatic phase should be eliminated as much as possible. Also, the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian reverse-engineering method is proposed for adiabatically driving an artificial quantum state. A concrete two-level system is adopted to show the usefulness of the reverse-engineering method. We obtain the desired target state by adjusting extra rotating magnetic fields at a predefined time. Furthermore, the numerical simulation shows that certain noise and dissipation in the systems are no longer undesirable but play a positive role in the scheme. Therefore, the scheme is quite useful for quantum information processing in some dissipative systems.
Nontrivial spectral properties of non-Hermitian systems can give rise to intriguing effects that lack counterparts in Hermitian systems. For instance, when dynamically varying system parameters along a path enclosing an exceptional point (EP), chiral mode conversion occurs. A recent study [Phys. Rev. Lett. 133, 113802 (2024)] demonstrates the achievability of pure adiabatic state transfer by specifically selecting a trajectory in the system parameter space where the corresponding evolution operator exhibits a real spectrum while winding around an EP. However, the intended adiabatic state transfer becomes fragile when taking into account the effect of the nonadiabatic transition. In this work, we propose a scheme for achieving robust and rapid adiabatic state transfer in time-modulated two-level non-Hermitian systems by appropriately modulating the system Hamiltonian and time-evolution trajectory. Numerical simulations confirm that a complete adiabatic transfer can always be achieved even under nonadiabatic conditions after one period for different initialized adiabatic states, and the scheme remains insensitive to moderate fluctuations in control parameters. Therefore, this scheme offers alternative approaches for quantum-state engineering in non-Hermitian systems.
Abstract We propose a scheme to reversely construct a three-level Hamiltonian via the Rodrigues’ rotation formula and an auxiliary unitary transformation. The main goal of the scheme is designing feasible pulses to drive a three-level system to evolve rapidly from an arbitrary initial state to a desired final state. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the scheme is not only fast but also robust against the decoherence caused by fluctuations of control parameters and some dissipation factors. Besides, we apply the idea to implement a Hadamard gate in a three-level system, and the results show the present scheme is much faster compared with stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP). Therefore, the scheme may be useful to find out an effective shortcut to the adiabatic passage in a three-level system.
We extend the theory of quantum state engineering (QSE) to the open quantum systems which simultaneously suffer time-dependent decoherence and time-independent decoherence. A hybrid approach is proposed to effectively realize QSE by combination of time-dependent decoherence-free subspaces and shortcuts to adiabaticity theories. As an application, a concrete single-qubit QSE example with an open five-level system is presented. Numerical simulations confirm that the approach is reliable and robust against both of time-dependent decoherence and time-independent decoherence. Certain dissipation effects are no longer harmful but play a positive role in the QSE. In addition, the approach can be generalized to realize QSE in high-dimensional quantum systems. Therefore, this proposal is quite useful for quantum computation and quantum information processing in open systems.
We propose an effective and flexible scheme for reverse engineering of a Hamiltonian by designing the evolution operators to eliminate the terms of Hamiltonian which are hard to be realized in practice. Different from transitionless quantum driving (TQD), the present scheme is focus on only one or parts of moving states in a D-dimension (D ≥ 3) system. The numerical simulation shows that the present scheme not only contains the results of TQD, but also has more free parameters, which make this scheme more flexible. An example is given by using this scheme to realize the population transfer for a Rydberg atom. The influences of various decoherence processes are discussed by numerical simulation and the result shows that the scheme is fast and robust against the decoherence and operational imperfection. Therefore, this scheme may be used to construct a Hamiltonian which can be realized in experiments.
Shortcuts to adiabaticity are alternative fast processes which reproduce the same final state as the adiabatic process in a finite or even shorter time, which have been extended from Hermitian systems to non-Hermitian systems in recent years, but they are barely explored for general non-Hermitian systems where off-diagonal elements of the Hamiltonian are not Hermitian. In this paper, we propose a shortcuts to adiabaticity technique which is based on a transitionless quantum driving algorithm to realize population transfer for general two-level non-Hermitian systems and give both exact and approximate analytical solutions of the corresponding counteradiabatic driving Hamiltonian, where the latter can be extended to the zeroth-order and first-order terms by applying perturbative theory. We find that the first-order correction term is different from the previous results, which is caused by the non-Hermiticity of the off-diagonal elements. We work out an exact expression for the control function and present examples consisting of a general two-level system with gain and loss to show the theory. The results suggest that the high-fidelity population transfer can be implemented in general non-Hermitian systems by our method, which works even with strong non-Hermiticity and without rotating wave approximation. Furthermore, we show that the general Hamiltonian the off-diagonal elements of which are not conjugate to each other can be implemented in many physical systems with the present experimental technology, such as an atom-light interaction system and whispering-gallery microcavity, which might have potential applications in quantum information processing.
In this paper, we propose a protocol to realize non-adiabatic holonomic quantum computation (NHQC) of cavity modes via invariant-based reverse engineering. Coupling cavity modes with an auxiliary atom trapped in a cavity, we derive effective Hamiltonians with the help of laser pulses. Based on the derived Hamiltonians, invariant-based reverse engineering is used to find proper evolution paths for NHQC. Moreover, the systematic-error-sensitivity nullified optimal control method is considered in the parameter selections, making the protocol insensitive to the influence of systematic errors of pulses. We also estimate the imperfections induced by random noise and decoherence. Numerical results show that the protocol holds robustness against these imperfections. Therefore, the protocol may provide useful perspectives to quantum computation with optical qubits in cavity quantum electrodynamics systems. This article is part of the theme issue 'Shortcuts to adiabaticity: theoretical, experimental and interdisciplinary perspectives'.