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arXiv:1604.04533 · Physical review. B./Physical review. B

Universal critical behavior of the two-dimensional Ising spin glass

L. A. Fernández, Enzo Marinari, Víctor Martín-Mayor, Giorgio Parisi A, Juan Jesus Ruiz-Lorenzo

Published Jul 1, 2016• 34 citations
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Abstract

We use finite size scaling to study Ising spin glasses in two spatial dimensions. The issue of universality is addressed by comparing discrete and continuous probability distributions for the quenched random couplings. The sophisticated temperature dependency of the scaling fields is identified as the major obstacle that has impeded a complete analysis. Once temperature is relinquished in favor of the correlation length as the basic variable, we obtain a reliable estimation of the anomalous dimension and of the thermal critical exponent. Universality among binary and Gaussian couplings is confirmed to a high numerical accuracy.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.94.024402

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We use finite size scaling to study Ising spin glasses in two spatial dimensions. The issue of universality is addressed by comparing discrete and continuous probability distributions for the quenched random couplings. The sophisticated temperature dependency of the scaling fields is identified as the major obstacle that has impeded a complete analysis. Once temperature is relinquished in favor of the correlation length as the basic variable, we obtain a reliable estimation of the anomalous dimension and of the thermal critical exponent. Universality among binary and Gaussian couplings is confirmed to a high numerical accuracy.
Extensive simulations are made on Ising Spin Glasses (ISG) with Gaussian, Laplacian and bimodal interaction distributions in dimension four. Standard finite size scaling analyses near and at criticality provide estimates of the critical inverse temperatures βcβ_cβc​, critical exponents, and critical values of a number of dimensionless parameters. Independent estimates are obtained for βcβ_cβc​ and the exponent ννν from thermodynamic derivative peak data. A detailed explanation is given of scaling in the thermodynamic limit with the ISG scaling variable τ=1−β2/βc2τ= 1-β^2/β_c^2τ=1−β2/βc2​ and the appropriate scaling expressions. Data over the entire paramagnetic range of temperatures are analysed in order to obtain further estimates of the critical exponents together with correction to scaling terms. The Privman-Fisher ansatz then leads to compact scaling expressions for the whole paramagnetic regime and for all sample sizes L. Comparisons between the 4d ISG models show that the critical dimensionless parameters characteristic of a universality class, and the susceptibility and correlation length critical exponents γγγ and ννν, depend on the form of the interaction distribution. From these observations it can be deduced that critical exponents are not universal in ISGs, at least in dimension four.
Monte Carlo data of the two-dimensional Ising spin glass with bimodal interactions are presented with the aim of understanding the low-temperature physics of the model. An analysis of the specific heat, spin-glass susceptibility, finite-size correlation length, and the Binder ratio is performed to try to verify a recent proposal in which for large system sizes and finite but low temperatures the effective critical exponents are identical to the critical exponents of the two-dimensional Ising spin glass with Gaussian interactions. Our results show that with present system sizes the recently proposed scenario, in which the two-dimensional Ising spin glass with bimodally distributed interactions is in the same universality class as the model with Gaussian-distributed disorder at low but finite temperatures, cannot be reliably proven.
We study the finite-size behavior of two-dimensional spin-glass models. We consider the $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}J$ model for two different values of the probability of the antiferromagnetic bonds and the model with Gaussian distributed couplings. The analysis of renormalization-group invariant quantities, the overlap susceptibility, and the two-point correlation function confirms that they belong to the same universality class. We analyze in detail the standard finite-size scaling limit in terms of $T{L}^{1/\ensuremath{\nu}}$ in the $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}J$ model. We find that it holds asymptotically. This result is consistent with the low-temperature crossover scenario in which the crossover temperature, which separates the universal high-temperature region from the discrete low-temperature regime, scales as ${T}_{c}(L)\ensuremath{\sim}{L}^{\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{S}}$ with ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{S}\ensuremath{\approx}0.5$.
We compare simulation data from different sources on two canonical three-dimensional Ising spin glasses (ISGs): the binomial $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}J$ near-neighbor interaction ISG and the Gaussian interaction ISG. We allow for the possibility of corrections to finite size scaling and estimate the correction exponent w. Consistent estimates for the critical temperatures Tg{T}_{g}Tg​ and for the critical exponents for each system are obtained. The data strongly indicate that critical exponents in the two systems are significantly different from each other. These results thus confirm a breakdown of standard universality rules in Ising spin glasses.
We present a finite-size scaling analysis of Monte Carlo simulation results on a four-dimensional Ising spin-glass. We study chaos with both coupling and temperature perturbations, and find the same chaos exponent in each case. Chaos is investigated both at the critical temperature and below where it seems to be more efficient (larger exponent). Dimension 4 seems to be above the critical dimension where chaos with temperature is no longer present in the critical region. Our results are consistent with the Gaussian and bimodal coupling distributions being in the same universality class.
Using large-scale Monte Carlo simulations that combine parallel tempering with specialized cluster updates, we show that Ising spin glasses with L\'evy-distributed interactions share the same universality class as Ising spin glasses with Gaussian or bimodal-distributed interactions. Corrections to scaling are large for L\'evy spin glasses. To overcome these and show that the critical exponents agree with the bimodal and Gaussian case, we perform an extended scaling of the two-point finite-size correlation length and the spin-glass susceptibility. Furthermore, we compute the critical temperature and compare its dependence on the disorder distribution width with recent analytical predictions [J. Stat. Mech. (2008) P04006].