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arXiv:1603.04980

Enhancing the detection probability of single waveguided-photon by cavity technique

Lixia Xie, L. F. Wei

Published Mar 16, 2016• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The resonant-cavity-enhanced (RCE) technique is an important approach to increasing the detection efficiency (DE) of typical free-space coupling photons. Here, we show that such a technique can also be utilized to increase the detection probability (DP) of a single waveguide-coupled photon. Based on a fully quantum mechanical theory in real space, we exactly calculated the absorption probability of a single photon for a two-level detector next to the waveguide. We find that the DP of the waveguide photon for the detector in a waveguide-coupled ring cavity is significantly higher than that for the bare detector directly coupled to the photon. Physically, the DP of the photon for the bare detector next to the waveguide is always limited by the finite transmission and reflection probabilities of the photon. The cavity technique is used to store the photon and thus increase its DP. The feasibility of the proposal with current integrated optical devices is then discussed.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1603.04980

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Single-photon detection plays important roles in implementing desired quantum information processing. In this work, we propose a single itinerant photon detector based on absorption by two interacting atoms coupling to a waveguide, which can work in the microwave regime. Both the cases of giant and small atoms are considered. Each atom is modeled as a three-level system, with only one transition coupling to the waveguide. Our analysis reveals that, for a single atom coupled to the waveguide, the maximum detection probability is intrinsically limited to 0.5. This limit, however, can be lifted under perfectly chiral coupling, where unit detection probability becomes achievable. For the non-chiral case, we show that when a giant molecule consisting of two giant atoms with direct interaction couples to the waveguide, the single-photon detection probability can reach the ideal value of 1. Furthermore, we extend the model to the regime of small atoms and show that perfect single-photon detection remains attainable by appropriately tuning the direct coupling strength and the interatomic separation. These results provide a feasible route toward high-efficiency microwave single-photon detection based on engineered atom-waveguide interactions.
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The single-photon transport in a single-mode waveguide, coupled to a cavity embedded with a two-level atom, is analyzed. The single-photon transmission and reflection amplitudes, as well as the cavity and the atom excitation amplitudes, are solved exactly via a real-space approach. It is shown that the dissipations of the cavity and of the atom, respectively, affect distinctively on the transport properties of the photons and on the relative phase between the excitation amplitudes of the cavity mode and the atom.
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