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arXiv:1601.06364

Natural criteria of quantum correlations of two coupled oscillators interacting with baths

Illarion Dorofeyev

Published Jan 24, 2016• 0 citations
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Abstract

We consider a problem of description of quantum correlations and dispersions of subsystems of complex open systems. Based on our previous results we proposed a method to evaluate pure quantum contributions from total statistical characteristics of two coupled oscillators interacting with thermal reservoirs. The natural way to extract pure quantum characteristic of the system under study is a calculation of difference between the total value and its pure classical part. A numerical study of temporal behavior of quantum variances and covariances from given initial states up to states in the infinite time limit is given using the proposed method. It is shown that at comparatively high temperatures the steady state total variances are almost classical, because their pure quantum parts tend to zero in this regime. Otherwise, at comparatively low temperatures, the pure quantum parts of variances are not zeroing in steady states manifesting a finite contribution to total values. The same is true for the covariance. The larger the temperature, the lower is the quantum contribution to the total covariance. As well as entanglement measures, quantum discord, the pure quantum contributions in the covariance matrix elements are important characteristics of the temporal dynamics of complex quantum systems.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1601.06364

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We consider a problem of description of quantum correlations and dispersions of subsystems of complex open systems. Based on our previous results we proposed a method to evaluate pure quantum contributions from total statistical characteristics of two coupled oscillators interacting with thermal reservoirs. The natural way to extract pure quantum characteristic of the system under study is a calculation of difference between the total value and its pure classical part. A numerical study of temporal behavior of quantum variances and covariances from given initial states up to states in the infinite time limit is given using the proposed method. It is shown that at comparatively high temperatures the steady state total variances are almost classical, because their pure quantum parts tend to zero in this regime. Otherwise, at comparatively low temperatures, the pure quantum parts of variances are not zeroing in steady states manifesting a finite contribution to total values. The same is true for the covariance. The larger the temperature, the lower is the quantum contribution to the total covariance. As well as entanglement measures, quantum discord, the pure quantum contributions in the covariance matrix elements are important characteristics of the temporal dynamics of complex quantum systems.
In the framework of the theory of open systems based on completely positive quantum dynamical semigroups, we give a description of the quantum correlations of a system consisting of two non-interacting modes embedded in a thermal environment. We describe the evolution of the quantum entanglement in terms of the covariance matrix for Gaussian input states. For all values of the temperature of the thermal reservoir, an initial separable squeezed thermal state remains separable for all times. In the case of an entangled initial squeezed thermal state, entanglement suppression (entanglement sudden death) takes place, for non-zero temperatures of the environment. The Gaussian quantum discord, which is a measure of all quantum correlations in the state, including entanglement, decays asymptotically in time under the effect of the thermal bath.
In the framework of the theory of open systems based on completely positive quantum dynamical semigroups, we give a description of the continuous-variable quantum entanglement and quantum discord for a system consisting of two noninteracting modes embedded in a thermal environment. Entanglement and discord are used to quantify the quantum correlations of the system. For all values of the temperature of the thermal reservoir, an initially separable Gaussian state remains separable for all times. We study the time evolution of logarithmic negativity, which characterizes the degree of entanglement, and we show that in the case of an entangled initial Gaussian state, entanglement suppression (entanglement sudden death) takes place for non-zero temperatures of the environment. Only for zero temperature of the thermal bath the initial entangled state remains entangled for finite times. We analyze time evolution of Gaussian quantum discord, which is a measure of all quantum correlations in the bipartite state, including entanglement, and we show that quantum discord decays asymptotically in time under the effect of thermal bath. This is in contrast with the sudden death of entanglement. Before the suppression of entanglement, the qualitative evolution of quantum discord is very similar to that of the entanglement. We describe also time evolution of the degree of classical correlations and of quantum mutual information, which measures the total correlations of quantum system.
In the framework of the theory of open systems based on completely positive quantum dynamical semigroups, we give a description of the continuous-variable quantum entanglement and quantum discord for a system consisting of two noninteracting modes embedded in a thermal environment. Entanglement and discord are used to quantify the quantum correlations of the system. For all values of the temperature of the thermal reservoir, an initial separable Gaussian state remains separable for all times. We study the time evolution of logarithmic negativity, which characterizes the degree of entanglement, and show that in the case of an entangled initial Gaussian state, entanglement suppression (entanglement sudden death) takes place, for non-zero temperatures of the environment. Only for a zero temperature of the thermal bath the initial entangled state remains entangled for finite times. We analyze the time evolution of the Gaussian quantum discord, which is a measure of all quantum correlations in the bipartite state, including entanglement, and show that quantum discord decays asymptotically in time under the effect of the thermal bath. This is contrast with the sudden death of entanglement. Before the suppression of the entanglement, the qualitative evolution of quantum discord is very similar to that of the entanglement. We describe also the time evolution of the degree of classical correlations and of quantum mutual information, which measures the total correlations of the quantum system.
This paper addresses the problem of relaxation of open quantum systems. Using the path integral methods, we found an analytical expression for the time-dependent density matrix of two coupled quantum oscillators interacting with different baths of oscillators. The expression for density matrix was found in the linear regime with respect to the coupling constant between selected oscillators. Time dependent spatial variances and covariances were investigated analytically and numerically. It was shown that asymptotic variances in the long-time limit are always in accordance with the fluctuation dissipation theorem despite their initial values. In the weak coupling approach there is good reason to believe that subsystems are asymptotically in equilibrium at their own temperatures despite the arbitrary difference in temperatures within the whole system.
This paper deals with the problem of open systems out of equilibrium. An analytical expression for a time-dependent density matrix of two arbitrarily coupled identical quantum oscillators interacting with separate reservoirs is derived using path integral methods. The temporal behavior of spatial variances and of covariance from given initial values up to stationary values is investigated. It is shown that at comparatively low coupling strengths, the asymptotic variances in the long-time limit achieve steady states independently of initial values. Stationary variances differ from the case of total equilibrium due to their coupling with separate thermal reservoirs of different temperatures. The larger the difference in temperatures of thermal baths, the larger is the difference of the stationary values of variances of coupled oscillators compared with values given by the fluctuation dissipation theorem. At strong couplings the variances have divergent character in the framework of the accepted model. Otherwise, in the weak coupling limit the asymptotic stationary variances are always in accordance with the fluctuation dissipation theorem with some accuracy.
In the framework of the theory of open systems based on completely positive quantum dynamical semigroups, we give a description of continuous variable quantum entanglement and quantum discord for a system consisting of two non-interacting non-resonant bosonic modes embedded in a thermal environment. We study the time evolution of logarithmic negativity, which characterizes the degree of entanglement, and show that in the case of an entangled initial squeezed thermal state, entanglement suppression takes place for all the temperatures of the environment, including zero temperature. We analyze the time evolution of the Gaussian quantum discord, which is a measure of all the quantum correlations in the bipartite state, including entanglement, and show that discord decays asymptotically in time under the effect of the thermal bath. We describe also the time evolution of classical correlations and quantum mutual information, which measures the total correlations of the quantum system.