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arXiv:1601.01368 · Optics Letters

Arithmetic with optical topological charges in stepwise-excited Rb vapor

Alexander M. Akulshin, Irina Novikova, Eugeniy E. Mikhailov, Sergey A. Suslov, Russell J. McLean

Published Mar 7, 2016• 47 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We report on experimentally observed addition, subtraction, and cancellation of orbital angular momentum (OAM) in the process of parametric four-wave mixing that results in frequency up- and down-converted emission in Rb vapor. Specific features of OAM transfer from resonant laser fields with different optical topological charges to the spatially and temporally coherent blue light (CBL) have been considered. We have observed the conservation of OAM in nonlinear wave mixing in a wide range of experimental conditions, including a noncollinear geometry of the applied laser beams, and furthermore, that the CBL accumulates the total OAM of the applied laser light. Spectral and power dependences of vortex and plane wavefront blue light beams have been compared.

DOI
10.1364/ol.41.001146

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We suggest a technique based on the transfer of topological charge from applied laser radiation to directional and coherent optical fields generated in ladder-type excited atomic media to identify the major processes responsible for their appearance. As an illustration, in Rb vapors, we analyze transverse intensity and phase profiles of the forward-directed collimated blue and near-IR light using self-interference and astigmatic transformation techniques when either or both of two resonant laser beams carry orbital angular momentum. Our observations unambiguously demonstrate that emission at 1.37 μm is the result of a parametric four-wave mixing process involving only one of the two applied laser fields.
We report the transfer of phase structure, and in particular of orbital angular momentum (OAM), from near-infrared pump light to blue light generated in a four-wave-mixing process in85Rb vapour. The intensity and phase profile of the two pump lasers at 780nm and 776nm, shaped by a spatial light modulator (SLM), influences the phase and intensity profile of light at 420nm which is generated in a subsequent coherent cascade. In particular we observe that the phase profile associated with orbital angular momentum is transferred entirely from the pump light to the blue. Pumping with more complicated light profiles results in the excitation of spatial modes in the blue that depend strongly on phase matching, thus demonstrating the parametric nature of the mode transfer. These results have implications on the inscription and storage of phase information in atomic gases.
Abstract The manipulation of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) contributes to understand the OAM multiplexing, is significant in free-space optical communication and information processing. We theoretically simulate and experimentally demonstrate the regularity of the OAM transfer, including the angular and radial modes, of Laguerre–Gaussian beam via four-wave mixing process in 85Rb vapor. The 420 nm coherent blue light output field inherits the phase characteristic of 780 nm and 776 nm beams with different OAM modes. The output field OAM modes show the transfer as a typical arithmetic operation of the input field OAM modes with equal-handed angular indice l, while, the conversion between angular and radial modes occurs with the opposite angular indice l. Such rules of the OAM transfer and manipulation have implications on the research of high-capacity information transfer and quantum communication.
We report the transfer of phase structure and, in particular, of orbital angular momentum from near-infrared pump light to blue light generated in a four-wave-mixing process in 85Rb vapor. The intensity and phase profile of the two pump lasers at 780 and 776 nm, shaped by a spatial light modulator, influences the phase and intensity profile of light at 420 nm, which is generated in a subsequent coherent cascade. In particular, we observe that the phase profile associated with orbital angular momentum is transferred entirely from the pump light to the blue. Pumping with more complicated light profiles results in the excitation of spatial modes in the blue that depend strongly on phase matching, thus demonstrating the parametric nature of the mode transfer. These results have implications on the inscription and storage of phase information in atomic gases.
Abstract We present experimental measurements showing the combination of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) content of incident light beams in two distinct processes of degenerate four-wave mixing induced in hot rubidium vapor. These two processes, driven by the same fields, must satisfy distinct topological charge (TC) selection rules, which impose OAM conservation. These selection rules are readily obtained from the so-called overlap integral of the incident beams and allow us to control the relations between the two nonlinear signals, in particular, to characterize the conditions to obtain the two signals with symmetric or anti-symmetric TCs. The tilted lens method was employed to measure the OAM content of the output fields. We also discuss the transition from the near- to the far-field distributions of the generated signals.
We investigate the spatial and quantum intensity correlations between the probe and Stokes optical fields produced via four-wave mixing in a double-Λ configuration, when both incoming probe and control fields carry non-zero optical orbital angular momentum (OAM). We observed that the topological charge of the generated Stokes field obeyed the OAM conservation law. However, the maximum values and optimal conditions for the intensity squeezing between the probe and Stokes fields were largely independent of the angular momenta of the beams, even when these two fields had significantly different OAM charges. We also investigated the case of a composite-vortex pump field, containing two closely positioned optical vortices, and showed that the generated Stokes field carried the OAM corresponding to the total topological charge of the pump field, further expanding the range of possible OAM manipulation techniques.