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arXiv:1601.01212 · Physical Review A

Universal control induced by noise

Christian Arenz, Daniel Klaus Burgarth, Paolo Facchi A, Vittorio Giovannetti, Hiromichi Nakazato, Saverio Pascazio, Kazuya Yuasa

Published Jun 6, 2016• 13 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

It is known that noise can sometimes be beneficial for quantum information processing. This idea is now further explored as it is shown that strong dissipation can be used to project a quantum system in a subspace free of decoherence, allowing one to achieve universal controllability and to raise the fidelity of quantum gates.
DOI
10.1103/physreva.93.062308

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Decoherence-free subspaces protect quantum information from the effects of noise that is correlated across the physical qubits used to implement them. Given the ability to impose suitable Hamiltonians upon such a multi-qubit system, one can also implement a set of logical gates which enables universal computation on this information without compromising this protection. Real physical systems, however, seldom come with the correct Hamiltonians built-in, let alone the ability to turn them off and on at will. In the course of our development of quantum information processing devices based on liquid-state NMR, we have found the task of operating on quantum information encoded in decoherence-free subspaces rather more challenging than is commonly assumed. This contribution presents an overview of these challenges and the methods we have developed for overcoming them in practice. These methods promise to be broadly applicable to many of the physical systems proposed for the implementation of quantum information processing devices.
The principal obstacle to quantum information processing with many qubits is decoherence. One source of decoherence is spontaneous emission which causes loss of energy and information. Inability to control system parameters with high precision is another possible source of error. Strategies aimed at overcoming one kind of error typically increase sensitivity to others. As a solution we propose quantum computing with dissipation-assisted quantum gates. These can be run relatively fast while achieving fidelities close to one. The success rate of each gate operation can, at least in principle, be arbitrary close to one.
Mitigating noise-induced decoherence is the central challenge in controlling open quantum systems. While existing robust protocols often require precise noise models, we introduce a universal framework for noise-agnostic quantum control that achieves high-fidelity operations without prior environmental noise characterization. This framework capitalizes on the dynamical modification of the system-environment coupling through control drives, an effect rigorously encoded in the dynamical equation. Since the derived noise sensitivity metric remains independent of the coupling details between the system and the environment, our protocol demonstrates robustness against arbitrary Markovian noises within the first-order weak coupling approximation. Numerical validation through quantum state transfer and gate operations reveals near-unity fidelity across diverse noise regimes, achieving orders-of-magnitude error suppression compared to target-only approaches. This framework bridges critical gaps between theoretical control design and experimental constraints, establishing a broadly applicable strategy for high-fidelity quantum information processing across platforms such as superconducting circuits, trapped ions, and solid-state qubits.
The principal obstacle to quantum information processing with many qubits is decoherence. One source of decoherence is spontaneous emission which causes loss of energy and information. Inability to control system parameters with high precision is another possible source of error. As a solution we propose quantum computing experiments using dissipation based on an environment-induced quantum Zeno effect. As an example we present a simple scheme for quantum gate implementations with cold trapped ions in the presence of cooling.
We combine the ideas of qubit encoding and dispersive dynamics to enable robust and easy quantum-information processing on paired superconducting charge boxes sharing a common bias lead. We establish a decoherence free subspace on these and introduce universal gates by dispersive interaction with a LC\mathrm{LC}LC resonator and inductive couplings between the encoded qubits. These gates preserve the code space and only require the established local symmetry and the control of the voltage bias. The principle of dispersive manipulation of encoded qubits is general and beneficial to other physical systems.