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arXiv:1601.00234

Ancilla Assisted Quantum Information Processing: General protocols and NMR implementations

Abhishek Shukla

Published Jan 2, 2016• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

While a bit is the fundamental unit of binary classical information, a qubit is the fundamental unit of quantum information. In quantum information processing (QIP), it is customary to call the qubits under study as system qubits, and the additional qubits as ancillary qubits. In this thesis, I describe various schemes to exploit the ancillary qubits to efficiently perform many QIP tasks and their experimental demonstrations in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) systems. Particularly, we have showed that, in the presence of sufficient ancillary qubits, it is possible to completely characterize a general quantum state as well as a general quantum dynamics in a single measurement. In addition, it is also possible to exploit ancillary qubits for realizing noninvasive quantum measurements required for several experiments related to quantum physics. I will also illustrate some interesting applications of ancillary qubits in spectroscopy. At last, I describe an experimental study of the efficiency of various dynamical decoupling sequences for suppressing decoherence of single as well as multiple quantum coherences on large spin-clusters. The experiments reveal the superior performance of the recently introduced RUDD sequences in suppressing decoherence.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1601.00234

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While a bit is the fundamental unit of binary classical information, a qubit is the fundamental unit of quantum information. In quantum information processing (QIP), it is customary to call the qubits under study as system qubits, and the additional qubits as ancillary qubits. In this thesis, I describe various schemes to exploit the ancillary qubits to efficiently perform many QIP tasks and their experimental demonstrations in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) systems. Particularly, we have showed that, in the presence of sufficient ancillary qubits, it is possible to completely characterize a general quantum state as well as a general quantum dynamics in a single measurement. In addition, it is also possible to exploit ancillary qubits for realizing noninvasive quantum measurements required for several experiments related to quantum physics. I will also illustrate some interesting applications of ancillary qubits in spectroscopy. At last, I describe an experimental study of the efficiency of various dynamical decoupling sequences for suppressing decoherence of single as well as multiple quantum coherences on large spin-clusters. The experiments reveal the superior performance of the recently introduced RUDD sequences in suppressing decoherence.
Quantum ensembles form easily accessible architectures for studying various phenomena in quantum physics, quantum information science, and spectroscopy. Here we review some recent protocols for measurements in quantum ensembles by utilizing ancillary systems. We also illustrate these protocols experimentally via nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. In particular, we shall review noninvasive measurements, extracting expectation values of various operators, characterizations of quantum states, and quantum processes, and finally quantum noise engineering.
Quantum ensembles form easily accessible architectures for studying various phenomena in quantum physics, quantum information science and spectroscopy.Here we review some recent protocols for measurements in quantum ensembles by utilizing ancillary systems.We also illustrate these protocols experimentally via nuclear magnetic resonance techniques.In particular, we shall review noninvasive measurements, extracting expectation values of various operators, characterizations of quantum states and quantum processes, and finally quantum noise engineering.
Quantum ensembles form easily accessible architectures for studying various phenomena in quantum physics, quantum information science and spectroscopy. Here we review some recent protocols for measurements in quantum ensembles by utilizing ancillary systems. We also illustrate these protocols experimentally via nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. In particular, we shall review noninvasive measurements, extracting expectation values of various operators, characterizations of quantum states and quantum processes, and finally quantum noise engineering.
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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) provides an experimental setting to explore physical implementations of quantum information processing (QIP). Here we introduce the basic background for understanding applications of NMR to QIP and explain their current successes, limitations and potential. NMR spectroscopy is well known for its wealth of diverse coherent manipulations of spin dynamics. Ideas and instrumentation from liquid state NMR spectroscopy have been used to experiment with QIP. This approach has carried the field to a complexity of about 10 qubits, a small number for quantum computation but large enough for observing and better understanding the complexity of the quantum world. While liquid state NMR is the only present-day technology about to reach this number of qubits, further increases in complexity will require new methods. We sketch one direction leading towards a scalable quantum computer using spin 1/2 particles. The next step of which is a solid state NMR-based QIP capable of reaching 10—30 qubits.
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a direct macroscopic manifestation of the quantum mechanics of the intrinsic angular momentum of atomic nuclei. It is best known for its extraordinary range of applications, which include molecular structure determination, medical imaging, and measurements of flow and diffusion rates. Most recently, liquid-state NMR spectroscopy has been found to provide a powerful experimental tool for the development and evaluation of the coherent control techniques needed for quantum information processing. This burgeoning new interdisciplinary field has the potential to achieve cryptographic, communications, and computational feats far beyond what is possible with known classical physics. Indeed, NMR has made the demonstration of many of these feats sufficiently simple to be carried out by high school summer interns working in our laboratory (see the last two authors). In this paper the basic principles of quantum information processing by NMR spectroscopy are described, along with several illustrative experiments suitable for incorporation into the undergraduate physics curriculum. These experiments are spin–spin interferometry, an implementation of the quantum Fourier transform, and the quantum simulation of a harmonic oscillator.