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arXiv:1511.04288 · International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (LATTICE)

Tensor networks for gauge field theories

Boye Buyens

Published Jul 15, 2016• 10 citations
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Abstract

Over the last decade tensor network states (TNS) have emerged as a powerful tool for the study of quantum many body systems.The matrix product states (MPS) are one particular class of TNS and are used for the simulation of (1+1)-dimensional systems.In this proceeding we use MPS to determine the elementary excitations of the Schwinger model in the presence of an electric background field.We obtain an estimate for the value of the background field where the oneparticle excitation with the largest energy becomes unstable and decays into two other elementary particles with smaller energy.

DOI
10.22323/1.251.0280

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Over the last decade tensor network states (TNS) have emerged as a powerful tool for the study of quantum many body systems.The matrix product states (MPS) are one particular class of TNS and are used for the simulation of (1+1)-dimensional systems.In this proceeding we use MPS to determine the elementary excitations of the Schwinger model in the presence of an electric background field.We obtain an estimate for the value of the background field where the oneparticle excitation with the largest energy becomes unstable and decays into two other elementary particles with smaller energy.
Over the last decade tensor network states (TNS) have emerged as a powerful tool for the study of quantum many body systems.The matrix product states (MPS) are one particular class of TNS and are used for the simulation of 1+1 dimensional systems.In this proceeding we use MPS to determine the elementary excitations of the Schwinger model in the presence of an electric background field.We obtain an estimate for the value of the background field where the oneparticle excitation with the largest energy becomes unstable and decays into two other elementary particles with smaller energy.
Over the last decade tensor network states (TNS) have emerged as a powerful tool for the study of quantum many body systems.The matrix product states (MPS) are one particular case of TNS and are used for the simulation of 1+1 dimensional systems.In [1] we considered the MPS formalism for the simulation of the Hamiltonian lattice gauge formulation of 1+1 dimensional one flavor quantum electrodynamics, also known as the massive Schwinger model.We deduced the ground state and lowest lying excitations.Furthermore, we performed a full quantum real-time simulation for a quench with a uniform background electric field.In this proceeding we continue our work on the Schwinger model.We demonstrate the advantage of working with gauge invariant MPS by comparing with MPS simulations on the full Hilbert space, that includes numerous non-physical gauge variant states.Furthermore, we compute the chiral condensate and recover the predicted UV-divergent behavior.
The term Tensor Network States (TNS) refers to a number of families of states that represent different ansätze for the efficient description of the state of a quantum many-body system.Matrix Product States (MPS) are one particular case of TNS, and have become the most precise tool for the numerical study of one dimensional quantum many-body systems, as the basis of the Density Matrix Renormalization Group method.Lattice Gauge Theories (LGT), in their Hamiltonian version, offer a challenging scenario for these techniques.While the dimensions and sizes of the systems amenable to TNS studies are still far from those achievable by 4-dimensional LGT tools, Tensor Networks can be readily used for problems which more standard techniques, such as Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations, cannot easily tackle.Examples of such problems are the presence of a chemical potential or out-of-equilibrium dynamics.We have explored the performance of Matrix Product States in the case of the Schwinger model, as a widely used testbench for lattice techniques.Using finite-size, open boundary MPS, we are able to determine the low energy states of the model in a fully non-perturbative manner.The precision achieved by the method allows for accurate finite size and continuum limit extrapolations of the ground state energy, but also of the chiral condensate and the mass gaps, thus showing the feasibility of these techniques for gauge theory problems.
Over the last decade tensor network states (TNS) have emerged as a powerful tool for the study of quantum many body systems. The matrix product states (MPS) are one particular case of TNS and are used for the simulation of 1+1 dimensional systems. In [1] we considered the MPS formalism for the simulation of the Hamiltonian lattice gauge formulation of 1+1 dimensional one flavor quantum electrodynamics, also known as the massive Schwinger model. We deduced the ground state and lowest lying excitations. Furthermore, we performed a full quantum real-time simulation for a quench with a uniform background electric field. In this proceeding we continue our work on the Schwinger model. We demonstrate the advantage of working with gauge invariant MPS by comparing with MPS simulations on the full Hilbert space, that includes numerous non-physical gauge variant states. Furthermore, we compute the chiral condensate and recover the predicted UV-divergent behavior.
The matrix product state formalism is used to simulate Hamiltonian lattice gauge theories. To this end, we define matrix product state manifolds which are manifestly gauge invariant. As an application, we study (1+1)-dimensional one flavor quantum electrodynamics, also known as the massive Schwinger model, and are able to determine very accurately the ground-state properties and elementary one-particle excitations in the continuum limit. In particular, a novel particle excitation in the form of a heavy vector boson is uncovered, compatible with the strong coupling expansion in the continuum. We also study full quantum nonequilibrium dynamics by simulating the real-time evolution of the system induced by a quench in the form of a uniform background electric field.
The Schwinger model, or 1+1 dimensional QED, offers an interesting object of study, both at zero and non-zero temperature, because of its similarities to QCD.In this proceeding, we present the a full calculation of the temperature dependent chiral condensate of this model in the continuum limit using Matrix Product States (MPS).MPS methods, in general tensor networks, constitute a very promising technique for the non-perturbative study of Hamiltonian quantum systems.In the last few years, they have shown their suitability as ansatzes for ground states and low-lying excitations of lattice gauge theories.We show the feasibility of the approach also for finite temperature, both in the massless and in the massive case.