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arXiv:1510.03523 · Optics Communications

How nonlinear optical effects degrade Hong–Ou–Mandel like interference

Imran M. Mirza, S. J. van Enk

Published Jan 13, 2015• 25 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1016/j.optcom.2015.01.018

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•Sep 14, 2015•2 citations
Recently a single-photon frequency converter by a nonlinear optical medium with a strong pump light [1] has been actively studied for quantum information processing [2]. The effective Hamiltonian of the process is described as a frequency-domain beamsplitter, which has two different frequency modes in its input and output. The transmittance is tunable by a pump power for the nonlinear optical effect. Such a frequency-domain beamsplitter is expected to cause an interference of two photons of different colors [3] in the context of a Hong–Ou–Mandel (HOM) experiment. In this study, we first observed the HOM dip in an optical range by using a frequency-domain beamsplitter.
The Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect is widely regarded as the quintessential quantum interference phenomenon in optics. In this work we examine how nonlinearity can smear statistical photon bunching in the HOM interferometer. We model both the nonlinearity and a balanced beam splitter with a single two-level system and calculate a finite probability of anti-bunching arising in this geometry. We thus argue that the presence of such nonlinearity would reduce the visibility in the standard HOM setup, offering some explanation for the diminution of the HOM visibility observed in many experiments. We use the same model to show that the nonlinearity affects a resonant two-photon propagation through a two-level impurity in a waveguide due to a "weak photon blockade" caused by the impossibility of double-occupancy and argue that this effect might be stronger for multi-photon propagation.
The Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect is widely regarded as the quintessential quantum interference phenomenon in optics. In this work we examine how nonlinearity can smear statistical photon bunching in the HOM interferometer. We model both the nonlinearity and a balanced beam splitter with a single two-level system and calculate a finite probability of anti-bunching arising in this geometry. We thus argue that the presence of such nonlinearity would reduce the visibility in the standard HOM setup, offering some explanation for the diminution of the HOM visibility observed in many experiments. We use the same model to show that the nonlinearity affects a resonant two-photon propagation through a two-level impurity in a waveguide due to a " weak photon blockade" caused by the impossibility of double-occupancy and argue that this effect might be stronger for multi-photon propagation.