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arXiv:1507.07775 · Communications in Mathematical Physics

Tight Uniform Continuity Bounds for Quantum Entropies: Conditional Entropy, Relative Entropy Distance and Energy Constraints

Andreas Winter

Published Mar 22, 2016• 284 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1007/s00220-016-2609-8

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We prove a tight uniform continuity bound for Arimoto’s version of the conditional$\alpha −Reˊnyientropyfortherange-Rényi entropy for the range−Reˊnyientropyfortherange\alpha \in [0, 1).Thisdefinitionoftheconditional). This definition of the conditional).Thisdefinitionoftheconditional\alpha −Reˊnyientropyisthemostnaturaloneamongthemultipleformswhichexistintheliterature,sinceitsatisfiestwodesirablepropertiesofaconditionalentropy,namely,thefactthatconditioningreducesentropy,andthattheassociatedreductioninuncertaintycannotexceedtheinformationgainedbyconditioning.Furthermore,ithasfoundinterestingapplicationsinvariousinformationtheoretictaskssuchasguessingwithsideinformationandsequentialdecoding.ThisconditionalentropyreducestotheconditionalShannonentropyinthelimit-Rényi entropy is the most natural one among the multiple forms which exist in the literature, since it satisfies two desirable properties of a conditional entropy, namely, the fact that conditioning reduces entropy, and that the associated reduction in uncertainty cannot exceed the information gained by conditioning. Furthermore, it has found interesting applications in various information theoretic tasks such as guessing with side information and sequential decoding. This conditional entropy reduces to the conditional Shannon entropy in the limit−Reˊnyientropyisthemostnaturaloneamongthemultipleformswhichexistintheliterature,sinceitsatisfiestwodesirablepropertiesofaconditionalentropy,namely,thefactthatconditioningreducesentropy,andthattheassociatedreductioninuncertaintycannotexceedtheinformationgainedbyconditioning.Furthermore,ithasfoundinterestingapplicationsinvariousinformationtheoretictaskssuchasguessingwithsideinformationandsequentialdecoding.ThisconditionalentropyreducestotheconditionalShannonentropyinthelimit\alpha \to 1,andthisinturnallowsustorecovertherecentlyobtainedtightuniformcontinuityboundforthelatterfromourresult.Finally,weapplyourresulttoobtainatightuniformcontinuityboundfortheconditional, and this in turn allows us to recover the recently obtained tight uniform continuity bound for the latter from our result. Finally, we apply our result to obtain a tight uniform continuity bound for the conditional,andthisinturnallowsustorecovertherecentlyobtainedtightuniformcontinuityboundforthelatterfromourresult.Finally,weapplyourresulttoobtainatightuniformcontinuityboundfortheconditional\alpha −Reˊnyientropyofaclassical−quantumstate,for-Rényi entropy of a classical-quantum state, for−Reˊnyientropyofaclassical−quantumstate,for\alpha inthesamerangeasabove.Thisagainyieldsthecorrespondingknownboundfortheconditionalentropyofthestateinthelimitin the same range as above. This again yields the corresponding known bound for the conditional entropy of the state in the limitinthesamerangeasabove.Thisagainyieldsthecorrespondingknownboundfortheconditionalentropyofthestateinthelimit\alpha \to 1$.
In quantum information theory, communication capacities are mostly given in terms of entropic formulas. Continuity of such entropic quantities are significant, as they ensure uniformity of measures against perturbations of quantum states. Traditionally, continuity bounds have been provided in terms of the trace distance, which is a bonafide metric on the set of quantum states. In the present contribution we derive continuity bounds for various information measures based on the difference in purity of the concerned quantum states. In a finite-dimensional system, we establish continuity bounds for von Neumann entropy which depend only on purity distance and dimension of the system. We then obtain uniform continuity bounds for conditional von Neumann entropy in terms of purity distance which is free of the dimension of the conditioning subsystem. Furthermore, we derive the uniform continuity bounds for other entropic quantities like relative entropy distance, quantum mutual information and quantum conditional mutual information. As an application, we investigate the variation in squashed entanglement with respect to purity. We also obtain a bound to the quantum conditional mutual information of a quantum state which is arbitrarily close to a quantum Markov chain.