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arXiv:1507.02836 · Physical Review A

Steady-state nested entanglement structures in harmonic chains with single-site squeezing manipulation

Stefano Zippilli, Jie Li, David Vitali

Published Sep 21, 2015• 32 citations
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Abstract

We show that a squeezed bath, that acts on the central element of a harmonic chain, can drive the whole system to a steady state featuring a series of nested entangled pairs of oscillators that, ideally, covers the whole chain regardless of its size. We study how to realize this effect in various physical implementations, including optomechanical and superconducting devices, using currently available technologies. In these cases no squeezed fields are actually needed, and the squeezed bath is, instead, simulated by quantum reservoir engineering with bichromatic drives.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.92.032319

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We show that a squeezed bath, that acts on the central element of a harmonic chain, can drive the whole system to a steady state featuring a series of nested entangled pairs of oscillators that, ideally, covers the whole chain regardless of its size. We study how to realize this effect in various physical implementations, including optomechanical and superconducting devices, using currently available technologies. In these cases no squeezed fields are actually needed, and the squeezed bath is, instead, simulated by quantum reservoir engineering with bichromatic drives.
We show that a squeezed bath, that acts on the central element of a harmonic chain, can drive the whole system to a steady state featuring a series of nested entangled pairs of oscillators that, ideally, covers the whole chain regardless of its size. We study how to realize this effect in various physical implementations, including optomechanical and superconducting devices, using currently available technologies. In these cases no squeezed fields are actually needed, and the squeezed bath is, instead, simulated by quantum reservoir engineering with bichromatic drives.
Abstract We study theoretically a finite harmonic chain where the two central oscillators are damped into a two-mode squeezed reservoir. By suitably choosing the Hamiltonian of the chain, the entire chain can be stabilized into a pure entangled steady state, even if it starts in a mixed state. We identify a condition on the system parameters such that the corresponding chain evolves into a pure steady state. We then proceed to parametrize a class of stabilizable pure states. Our approach is based on reservoir engineering and is particularly applicable to optomechanical systems and superconducting quantum circuits.
When two chains of quantum systems are driven at their ends by a two-mode squeezed reservoir, they approach a steady state characterized by the formation of many entangled pairs. Each pair is made of one element of the first and one of the second chain. This effect has been already predicted under the assumption of broadband squeezing. Here we investigate the situation of finite-bandwidth reservoirs. This is done by modeling the driving bath as the output field of a non-degenerate parametric oscillator. The resulting non-Markovian dynamics is studied within the theoretical framework of cascade open quantum systems. It is shown that the formation of pair-entangled structures occurs as long as the normal-mode splitting of the arrays does not overcome the squeezing bandwidth of the reservoir.
We discuss how large amounts of steady-state quantum squeezing (beyond 3 dB) of a mechanical resonator can be obtained by driving an optomechanical cavity with two control lasers with differing amplitudes. The scheme does not rely on any explicit measurement or feedback, nor does it simply involve a modulation of an optical spring constant. Instead, it uses a dissipative mechanism with the driven cavity acting as an engineered reservoir. It can equivalently be viewed as a coherent feedback process, obtained by minimally perturbing the quantum nondemolition measurement of a single mechanical quadrature. This shows that in general the concepts of coherent feedback schemes and reservoir engineering are closely related. We analyze how to optimize the scheme, how the squeezing scales with system parameters, and how it may be directly detected from the cavity output. Our scheme is extremely general, and could also be implemented with, e.g., superconducting circuits.
We show that it is possible to obtain higher-order squeezing and entanglement between a pair of harmonic oscillators coupled to a single Δ-type artificial atom, which is realized because of the broken mirror symmetry of the effective potential in the superconducting circuits. Under the three-photon resonance and adiabatic conditions, the system can act as a coherence-controlled atomic reservoir, resulting in the generation of higher-order nonclassicality at steady state. The stable higher-order nonclassical correlations of the two harmonic oscillators in this solid-state device may find potential applications in quantum communications.
We describe a scheme for entangling mechanical resonators which is efficient beyond the resolved sideband regime. It employs the radiation pressure force of the squeezed light produced by a degenerate optical parametric oscillator, which acts as a reservoir of quantum correlations (squeezed reservoir), and it is effective when the spectral bandwidth of the reservoir and the field frequencies are appropriately selected. It allows for the steady-state preparation of mechanical resonators in entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen states and can be extended to the preparation of many entangled pairs of resonators which interact with the same light field, in a situation in which the optomechanical system realizes a starlike harmonic network.