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arXiv:1505.02136 · Physical Review Letters

Lifshitz Transition in the Double-Core Vortex in He−B3

М. А. Силаев, E. V. Thuneberg, M. Fogelström

Published Dec 2, 2015• 34 citations
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Abstract

We study the spectrum of fermion states localized within the vortex core of a weak-coupling p-wave superfluid. The low energy spectrum consists of two anomalous branches that generate a large density of states at the locations of the half cores of the vortex. Fermi liquid interactions significantly stretch the vortex structure, which leads to a Lifshitz transition in the effective Fermi surface of the vortex core fermions. We apply the results to the rotational dynamics of vortices in superfluid ^{3}He-B and find an explanation for the observed slow mode.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.115.235301

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Triple-Core Structure of the Double-Core Vortex in Superfluid 3^33He-B
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We study several aspects of the structure of vortices in conventional s-wave type-II superconductors. It is well known that there are low-energy quasiparticles bound to the core of a vortex. We show that under certain conditions, these quasiparticles form a degenerate Fermi gas with a finite density of states at the Fermi energy. In three-dimensional superconductors, the result is a one-dimensional Fermi gas of quasiparticles bound to the core of a vortex line. As is usual in one-dimensional systems, interactions between the quasiparticles lead to Luttinger liquid behavior. This may be probed through scanning tunneling microscopy into the vortex core. We further suggest that a Peierls-type instability in the shape of the vortex line may develop due to interactions between the quasiparticle gas and fluctuations in the vortex line shape.