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arXiv:1504.04590 · Physical Review B

Finite-temperature scaling of spin correlations in an experimental realization of the one-dimensional Ising quantum critical point

M. Hälg, D. Hüvonen, T. Guidi, Diana Lucia Quintero-Castro, Martin Boehm, L. P. Régnault, Masayuki Hagiwara, A. Zheludev

Published Jul 10, 2015• 14 citations
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Abstract

Inelastic neutron scattering is used to study the finite-temperature scaling behavior of the local dynamic structure factor in the quasi-one-dimensional quantum antiferromagnet $\text{Ni}[N,{N}^{\ensuremath{'}}\ensuremath{-}\text{bis}(\text{3-aminopropyl})\text{propane-1,3-diamine}](\ensuremath{\mu}\text{\ensuremath{-}}{\mathrm{NO}}_{2}){\mathrm{ClO}}_{4}$ (NTENP), at its field-induced Ising quantum critical point. The validity and the limitations of the theoretically predicted scaling relations are tested.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.92.014412

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By means of inelastic neutron scattering we investigate finite temperature dynamics in the quantum spin ladder compound (C_{5}H_{12}N)_{2}CuBr_{4} (BPCB) near the magnetic field induced quantum critical point with dynamical exponent z=2. We observe universal finite-temperature scaling of the transverse local dynamic structure factor in spectacular quantitative agreement with long-standing theoretical predictions. At the same time, already at rather low temperatures, we observe strong nonuniversal longitudinal fluctuations. To separate the two, we make use of an intrinsic leg-exchange symmetry of the spin ladder. Complementary measurements of specific heat also reveal striking scaling behavior near the quantum critical point.
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A spectrum exhibiting E₈ symmetry is expected to arise when a small longitudinal field is introduced in the transverse-field Ising chain at its quantum critical point. Evidence for this spectrum has recently come from neutron scattering measurements in cobalt niobate, a quasi-one-dimensional Ising ferromagnet. Unlike its zero-temperature counterpart, the finite-temperature dynamics of the model has not yet been determined. We study the dynamical spin structure factor of the model at low frequencies and nonzero temperatures, using the form factor method. Its frequency dependence is singular, but differs from the diffusion form. The temperature dependence of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation rate has an activated form, whose prefactor we also determine. We propose NMR experiments as a means to further test the applicability of the E₈ description for CoNb₂O₆.
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