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arXiv:1503.05291 · Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Generating quantum discord between two distant Bose–Einstein condensates with Bell-like detection

Mohammad Eghbali‐Arani, H. Yavari, Mohammad Ali Shahzamanian, Vittorio Giovannetti, Sh. Barzanjeh

Published Apr 8, 2015• 9 citations
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Abstract

We propose a technique that enables the creation of quantum discord between two distant nodes, each containing a cavity consisting of the Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC), by applying a nonideal Bell-like detection on the output modes of optical cavities. We find the covariance matrix of the system after the nonideal Bell-like detection, showing explicitly that one enables manipulation of the quantum correlations, and particularly quantum discord, between remote BECs. We also find that the nonideal Bell-like detection can create entanglement between distant BECs at the two remote sites.

DOI
10.1364/josab.32.000798

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We propose a technique that enables the creation of quantum discord between two distant nodes, each containing a cavity consisting of the Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC), by applying a nonideal Bell-like detection on the output modes of optical cavities. We find the covariance matrix of the system after the nonideal Bell-like detection, showing explicitly that one enables manipulation of the quantum correlations, and particularly quantum discord, between remote BECs. We also find that the nonideal Bell-like detection can create entanglement between distant BECs at the two remote sites.
We propose a potentially practical scheme to entangle two distant atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC), which is respectively in an optical cavity. Due to interaction between the cavity and the atomic BEC and the cavity decay, a linear polarized single-photon, which inputs the cavity, will rotate a certain angle after the input-output process, which is called Faraday rotation. Thanks to the faraday rotation of the photonic polarization, through detecting the output photonic polarization, we will entangle two distant Bose-Einstein condensates and generate entangled coherent states. Therefore, we provide a possible way to realize long-distance macroscopic quantum entanglement.
Two component (spinor) Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) are considered as the nodes of an interconnected quantum network. Unlike standard single-system qubits, in a BEC the quantum information is duplicated in a large number of identical bosonic particles, thus can be considered to be a 'macroscopic' qubit. One of the difficulties with such a system is how to effectively interact such qubits together in order to transfer quantum information and create entanglement. Here we propose a scheme of cavities containing spinor BECs coupled by optical fiber in order to achieve this task. We discuss entanglement generation and quantum state transfer between nodes using such macroscopic BEC qubits.
Entanglement between stationary systems at remote locations is a key resource for quantum networks. We report on the experimental generation of remote entanglement between a single atom inside an optical cavity and a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). To produce this, a single photon is created in the atom-cavity system, thereby generating atom-photon entanglement. The photon is transported to the BEC and converted into a collective excitation in the BEC, thus establishing matter-matter entanglement. After a variable delay, this entanglement is converted into photon-photon entanglement. The matter-matter entanglement lifetime of 100 μs exceeds the photon duration by 2 orders of magnitude. The total fidelity of all concatenated operations is 95%. This hybrid system opens up promising perspectives in the field of quantum information.
We propose a theoretical scheme to realize a sensitive amplification of quantum discord (QD) between two atomic qubits via a cavity--Bose-Einstein-condensate (BEC) system which was used to realize the Dicke quantum phase transition (QPT) for the first time [K. Baumann, C. Guerlin, F. Brennecke, and T. Esslinger, Nature (London) 464, 1301 (2010)]. It is shown that influence of the cavity-BEC system upon the two qubits is equivalent to a phase decoherence environment. It is found that QPT in the cavity-BEC system is the physical mechanism of the sensitive QD amplification.
We show that it is possible to generate entanglement between two distant Bose-Einstein condensates by detection of Hanbury--Brown-Twiss-type correlations in photons Bragg scattered by the condensates. Upon coincident detection of two photons by two detectors, the projected joint state of two condensates is shown to be non-Gaussian. We verify the existence of entanglement by showing that the partially transposed state is negative. Further, we use the inequality in terms of higher-order moments to confirm entanglement. Our proposed scheme can be generalized for multiple condensates and also for spinor condensates with Bragg scattering of polarized light, with the latter capable of producing hyperentanglement.
We propose a method to generate entangled coherent states between two spatially separated atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) via the technique of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Two strong coupling laser beams and two entangled probe laser beams are used to cause two distant BECs to be in EIT states and to generate an atom-photon entangled state between probe lasers and distant BECs. The two BECs are initially in unentangled product coherent states while the probe lasers are initially in an entangled state. Entangled states of two distant BECs can be created through the performance of projective measurements upon the two outgoing probe lasers under certain conditions. Concretely, we propose two protocols to show how to generate entangled coherent states of the two distant BECs. One is a single-photon scheme in which an entangled single-photon state is used as the quantum channel to generate entangled distant BECs. The other is a multiphoton scheme where an entangled coherent state of the probe lasers is used as the quantum channel. Additionally, we also obtain some atom-photon entangled states of particular interest such as entangled states between a pair of optical Bell states (or quasi-Bell-states) and a pair of atomic entangled coherent states (or quasi-Bell-states).