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arXiv:1412.1102

Comb-assisted coherence transfer between laser fields

Tommaso Sala, S. Kassi, Johannes Burkart, Marco Marangoni, D. Romanini

Published Dec 2, 2014• 5 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Single mode laser fields oscillate at frequencies well outside the realm of electronics, but their phase/frequency fluctuations fall into the radio frequency domain, where direct manipulation is possible. Electro-optic devices have sufficient bandwidth for controlling and tailoring the dynamics of a laser field down to sub-nanosecond time scales. Thus, a laser field can be arbitrarily reshaped and in particular its phase/frequency fluctuations can be in principle removed. In practice, the time evolution of a reference laser field can be cloned to replace the fluctuations of another laser field, at a close-by frequency. In fact, it is possible to exploit a partially stabilized optical comb to perform the cloning across a large frequency gap. We realize this long-haul phase transfer by using a fibered Mach-Zehnder single-sideband modulator driven by an appropriate mix of the beat notes of the master and the slave laser with the comb.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1412.1102

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Single mode laser fields oscillate at frequencies well outside the realm of electronics, but their phase/frequency fluctuations fall into the radio frequency domain, where direct manipulation is possible. Electro-optic devices have sufficient bandwidth for controlling and tailoring the dynamics of a laser field down to sub-nanosecond time scales. Thus, a laser field can be arbitrarily reshaped and in particular its phase/frequency fluctuations can be in principle removed. In practice, the time evolution of a reference laser field can be cloned to replace the fluctuations of another laser field, at a close-by frequency. In fact, it is possible to exploit a partially stabilized optical comb to perform the cloning across a large frequency gap. We realize this long-haul phase transfer by using a fibered Mach-Zehnder single-sideband modulator driven by an appropriate mix of the beat notes of the master and the slave laser with the comb.
Ultra-narrow-linewidth lasers with suppressed high-frequency phase noise are critical for quantum control and precision metrology. While optical phase locking (OPL) is the standard technique for cloning the coherence of such sources, its effectiveness is often limited at high frequencies by feedback latency. We present a robust feedforward architecture that overcomes this limitation by recycling and demodulating the existing master-slave beat signal to drive a single electro-optic modulator for near-instantaneous noise cancellation. This approach eliminates the extraneous sidebands and transmission losses typical of more complex modulators. Through active stabilization of the beat amplitude and demodulation phase, we demonstrate robust suppression exceeding 30 dB from 10 kHz to 10 MHz. This hardware-efficient framework is readily compatible with standard OPL setups, offering a scalable solution for high-fidelity coherent control.
We demonstrate phase locking of a 729 nm diode laser to a 1542 nm master laser via an erbium-doped-fiber frequency comb, using a transfer-oscillator feedforward scheme which suppresses the effect of comb noise in an unprecedented 1.8 MHz bandwidth. We illustrate its performance by carrying out coherent manipulations of a trapped calcium ion with 99 % fidelity even at few-μs timescales. We thus demonstrate that transfer-oscillator locking can provide sufficient phase stability for high-fidelity quantum logic manipulation even without pre-stabilization of the slave diode laser.
We produced two Raman-laser beams with a frequency offset of 6.834GHz by injection-locking of a master diode-laser to a slave diode-laser. The master laser was phase-modulated at 6.834 GHz with an Electro-Optic Modulator and then injected into the slave laser that was oscillating around one of the side-bands. The relative linewidth of the two lasers was less than 1 Hz. Utilizing these laser beams, we realized the coherent manipulation of atomic wave packets in a Mach-Zehnder type atom interferometry.
Two phase-coherent Raman laser beams with a frequency offset of 6.835 GHz were generated by sideband injection-locking technique. A master diode laser was phase-modulated at 6.835 GHz by a fiber electro-optic modulator. A slave diode was injection-locked to the -1 sideband of the phase-modulated beam, and another diode was locked to the master laser carrier. This method produced stable and spatially separated Raman lasers with a large frequency shift range (>180 MHz). The relative linewidth of these two beams was ∼1 Hz, and the unwanted carrier mode was suppressed down to -24 dB. Stimulated Raman transitions and Ramsey fringes were driven by Raman lasers in a cold atomic beam.
Optical Transient Experiments allow one to probe the coherent interaction of light with matter, as well as measure the time for energy transfer, T1, and loss of phase coherence, T2, in atoms, molecules and solids. Coherent optical transients are induced when the interaction of light with the sample is changed in a time which is short compared to T2. The interaction can be modified by changing the amplitude, frequency or phase of the existing laser light. This can be accomplished with an electro-optic modulator which makes it possible to electronically control a wide variety of laser experiments. The method of electro-optic laser phase and frequency switching with an extra-cavity modulator is discussed below.
Phase-stable radio frequency (RF) transfer attracts a growing research interest and attention in recent years, and transferring high stable RF signal to multiple places is greatly needed in many important applications such as frequency synchronization for very long base-line interferometry and connected-element interferometry in radio astronomy. [1]. For example, the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) radio astronomy project is consist of an array of up to 64 antennas, and in order to achieve the unprecedented sensitivity and angular resolution, requires the local oscillator reference signal arriving at remote antennas with a maximum path length up to 18 kilometers must be stabilized under one picosecond [2]. The optical fiber link is a promising method for long-distance highly stable frequency distribution, however it suffers from the environment perturbations such as physical vibration and temperature fluctuations, which degrade the phase stability to be delivered [3].