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arXiv:1412.0189 · Chinese Physics Letters

Entanglement-Enhanced Two-Photon Delocalization in a Coupled-Cavity Array

Shi-Qing Tang, Ji-Bing Yuan, Xin-Wen Wang, Le‐Man Kuang

Published Apr 1, 2015• 13 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We study the transport properties of two entangled photons which are initially injected into two nearest-neighbor coupling cavities in an one-dimensional coupled-cavity array (CCA). It is found that photonic transport dynamics in the two-photon CCA exhibits the entanglement-enhanced two-photon delocalization phenomenon. It is shown that the CCA can realize the localization-to-delocalization transition for two entangled photons.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/32/4/040303

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We consider a coupled-cavity array (CCA), where one cavity interacts with a two-level atom under the rotating-wave approximation. We investigate the excitation transport dynamics across the array, which arises in the atom's emission process into the CCA vacuum. Due to the known formation of atom-photon bound states, partial field localization and atomic population trapping in general take place. We study the functional dependence on the coupling strength of these two phenomena and show that the threshold values beyond which they become significant are different. As the coupling strength grows from zero, field localization is exhibited first.
We investigate photonic transport through fiber optical cavities under tunable fast modulation, which is induced by modulating atom-cavity coupling in a cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED) system. The modulation bandwidth exceeds the timescales of all other system processes, such as cavity decay and atom-cavity coupling, and allows control of the dynamics of photonic transport through the cavity array. The transmission as a function of the modulation frequency clearly shows enhancement peaks in single cavity and two coupled-cavity cases. In particular, in the coupled-cavity case, the position of the enhancement peak is shifted due to the delocalized cavity field in the coupled system.
We discuss the effects of dissipation on the behavior of single photon transport in a system of coupled cavity arrays, with the two nearest cavities nonlocally coupled to a two-level atom. The single photon transmission amplitude is solved exactly by employing the quasi-boson picture. We investigate two different situations of local and nonlocal couplings, respectively. Comparing the dissipative case with the nondissipative one reveals that the dissipation of the system increases the middle dip and lowers the peak of the single photon transmission amplitudes, broadening the line width of the transport spectrum. It should be noted that the influence of the cavity dissipation to the single photon transport spectrum is asymmetric. By comparing the nonlocal coupling with the local one, one can find that the enhancement of the middle dip of single photon transmission amplitudes is mostly caused by the atom dissipation and that the reduced peak is mainly caused by the cavity dissipation, no matter whether it is a nonlocal or local coupling case. Whereas in the nonlocal coupling case, when the coupling strength gets stronger, the cavity dissipation has a greater effect on the single photon transport spectrum and the atom dissipation affection becomes weak, so it can be ignored.
A system of two coupled cavities with N - 1 photons is shown to be dynamically equivalent to an array of N coupled cavities containing one photon. Every transition in the two cavity system has a dual phenomenon in terms of photon transport in the cavity array. This duality is employed to arrive at the required coupling strengths and nonlinearities in the cavity array so that controlled photon transfer is possible between any two cavities. This transfer of photons between two of the cavities in the array is effected without populating the other cavities. The condition for perfect transport enables perfect state transfer between any two cavities in the array. Further, possibility of high fidelity generation of generalized NOON states in two coupled cavities, which are dual to the Bell states of the photon in the cavity array, is established.
We theoretically study how to control transport, bound states, and resonant states of a single photon in a one-dimensional coupled-cavity array. We find that the transport of a single photon in the cavity array can be controlled by tuning the frequency of either one or two cavities. If one of the cavities in the array has a tunable frequency, and its frequency is tuned to be larger (or smaller) than those of other cavities, then there is a photon bound state above (or below) the energy band of the coupled-cavity array. However, if two cavities in the array have tunable frequencies, then there exist both bound states and resonant states. If the frequencies of the two cavities are chosen to be much larger than those of other cavities, and the hopping couplings between any two nearest-neighbor cavities are weak, then a single photon with a resonant wave vector can be trapped in the region between the two frequency-tunable cavities. In this case, a quantum supercavity can be formed by these two frequency-tunable cavities. We also study how to apply this photon transport control to an array of coupled superconducting transmission line resonators.