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arXiv:1409.1521 · Journal of Modern Physics

What Does Monogamy in Higher Powers of a Correlation Measure Mean?

P. J. Geetha, Sudha, A. R. Usha Devi

Published Jan 1, 2014• 4 citations
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Abstract

We examine here the proposition that all multiparty quantum states can be made monogamous by considering positive integral powers of any quantum correlation measure. With Rajagopal-Rendell quantum deficit as the measure of quantum correlations for symmetric 3-qubit pure states, we illustrate that monogamy inequality is satisfied for higher powers of quantum deficit. We discuss the drawbacks of this inequality in quantification of correlations in the state. We also prove a monogamy inequality in higher powers of classical mutual information and bring out the fact that such inequality needs not necessarily imply restricted shareability of correlations. We thus disprove the utility of higher powers of any correlation measure in establishing monogamous nature in multiparty quantum states.

DOI
10.4236/jmp.2014.514130

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We examine here the proposition that all multiparty quantum states can be made monogamous by considering positive integral powers of any quantum correlation measure. With Rajagopal-Rendell quantum deficit as the measure of quantum correlations for symmetric 3-qubit pure states, we illustrate that monogamy inequality is satisfied for higher powers of quantum deficit. We discuss the drawbacks of this inequality in quantification of correlations in the state. We also prove a monogamy inequality in higher powers of classical mutual information and bring out the fact that such inequality needs not necessarily imply restricted shareability of correlations. We thus disprove the utility of higher powers of any correlation measure in establishing monogamous nature in multiparty quantum states.
We begin with the basic notions of limited shareability of quantum correlations, the so-called monogamous nature of quantum states and outline how this feature is manifested through a monogamy inequality. Not all measures of quantum correlations are suitable for bringing out the restricted shareability of correlations in a quantum state. While measures of bipartite correlations such as concurrence, quantum discord do not satisfy monogamy inequality for all categories of correlated quantum states, their second powers are found to do. There has also been a proposition that all multiparty quantum states can be made monogamous by considering positive integral powers of any quantum correlation measure (Ann. Phys. 348, 297 (2014)). We focus on this proposition and analyze whether satisfying monogamy inequality in terms of higher powers of a correlation measure implies limited shareability of correlations.
The limitation on the shareability of quantum entanglement over several parties, the so-called monogamy of entanglement, is an issue that has received considerable attention from the quantum information community over the last decade. A natural question of interest in this connection is whether monogamy of correlations is true for correlations other than entanglement. This issue is examined here by choosing quantum deficit, proposed by A. K. Rajagopal and R. W. Rendell [Phys. Rev. A 66, 022104 (2002)], an operational measure of correlations. In addition to establishing the polygamous nature of the class of three-qubit symmetric pure states characterized by two distinct Majorana spinors (to which the WWW states belong), those with three distinct Majorana spinors [to which Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states belong] are shown to either obey or violate monogamy relations. While the generalized WWW states can be monogamous or polygamous, the generalized GHZ states exhibit monogamy with respect to quantum deficit. The issue of using monogamy conditions based on quantum deficit to witness the states belonging to stochastic local operations and classical communication (SLOCC) inequivalent classes is discussed in light of these results.
We introduce the concept of monogamy deficit for quantum correlation by combining two types of monogamy inequalities depending on different measurement sides. For tripartite pure states, we demonstrate a relation which connects two types of monogamy inequalities for quantum discord and provide the difference between them. By using this relation, we obtain a unified physical interpretation for these two monogamy deficits. In addition, we find the interesting fact that there is a general monogamy condition for several quantum correlations for tripartite pure states. We then provide a necessary and sufficient condition for the establishment of one kind of monogamy inequality for tripartite mixed states and generalize it to multipartite quantum states.
Quantum entanglement and quantum nonlocality are known to exhibit monogamy; that is, they obey strong constraints on how they can be distributed among multipartite systems. Quantum correlations that comprise and go beyond entanglement are quantified by, e.g., quantum discord. It was observed recently that for some states quantum discord is not monogamous. We prove, in general, that any measure of correlations that is monogamous for all states and satisfies reasonable basic properties must vanish for all separable states: only entanglement measures can be strictly monogamous. Monogamy of other than entanglement measures can still be satisfied for special, restricted cases: we prove that the geometric measure of discord satisfies the monogamy inequality on all pure states of three qubits.
The shareability of quantum correlations among the constituent parties of a multiparty quantum system is restricted by the quantum information theoretic concept called monogamy. Depending on the multiparty quantum systems, different measures of quantum correlations show disparate signatures for monogamy. We characterize the shareability of quantum correlations, from both entanglement-separability and information-theoretic kinds, in a multiparty quantum spin system containing two- and three-body interactions with respect to its system parameters and external applied magnetic field. Monogamy score in this system exhibits both monogamous and nonmonogamous traits depending on the quantum correlation measure, strengths of system parameters, and external magnetic field. The percentage of nonmonogamous states when the information-theoretic quantum correlations are considered is higher than that of the entanglement-separability kind in allowed ranges of these variables. The integral powers of the quantum correlation measures for which the nonmonogamous states become monogamous are identified.
In multiparty quantum systems, the monogamy inequality proposes an upper bound on the distribution of bipartite quantum correlation between a single party and each of the remaining parties in the system, in terms of the amount of quantum correlation shared by that party with the rest of the system taken as a whole. However, it is well known that not all quantum correlation measures universally satisfy the monogamy inequality. In this work, we aim at determining the nontrivial value by which the monogamy inequality can be violated by a quantum correlation measure. Using an information-theoretic complementarity relation between the normalized purity and quantum correlation in any given multiparty state, we obtain a nontrivial lower bound on the negative monogamy score for the quantum correlation measure. In particular, for the three-qubit states the lower bound is equal to the negative von Neumann entropy of the single qubit reduced density matrix. We analytically examine the tightness of the derived lower bound for certain nnn-qubit quantum states. Further, we report numerical results of the same for monogamy violating correlation measures using Haar uniformly generated three-qubit states.