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arXiv:1407.8304 · Chinese Physics B

Algebraic and group treatments to nonlinear displaced number states and their nonclassicality features: A new approach

N Asili Firouzabadi, M K Tavassoly, M J Faghihi

Published Jun 1, 2015• 5 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Recently, nonlinear displaced number states (NDNSs) have been manually introduced, in which the deformation function f ( n ) has been artificially added to the previously well-known displaced number states (DNSs). Indeed, just a simple comparison has been performed between the standard coherent state and nonlinear coherent state for the formation of NDNSs. In the present paper, after expressing enough physical motivation of our procedure, four distinct classes of NDNSs are presented by applying algebraic and group treatments. To achieve this purpose, by considering the DNSs and recalling the nonlinear coherent states formalism, the NDNSs are logically defined through an algebraic consideration. In addition, by using a particular class of Gilmore–Perelomov-type of SU (1, 1) and a class of SU (2) coherent states, the NDNSs are introduced via group-theoretical approach. Then, in order to examine the nonclassical behavior of these states, sub-Poissonian statistics by evaluating Mandel parameter and Wigner quasi-probability distribution function associated with the obtained NDNSs are discussed, in detail.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/24/6/064204

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Recently, nonlinear displaced number states (NDNSs) have been manually introduced, in which the deformation function f ( n ) has been artificially added to the previously well-known displaced number states (DNSs). Indeed, just a simple comparison has been performed between the standard coherent state and nonlinear coherent state for the formation of NDNSs. In the present paper, after expressing enough physical motivation of our procedure, four distinct classes of NDNSs are presented by applying algebraic and group treatments. To achieve this purpose, by considering the DNSs and recalling the nonlinear coherent states formalism, the NDNSs are logically defined through an algebraic consideration. In addition, by using a particular class of Gilmore–Perelomov-type of SU (1, 1) and a class of SU (2) coherent states, the NDNSs are introduced via group-theoretical approach. Then, in order to examine the nonclassical behavior of these states, sub-Poissonian statistics by evaluating Mandel parameter and Wigner quasi-probability distribution function associated with the obtained NDNSs are discussed, in detail.
In this Letter, we introduce four distinct classes of f-deformed photon-added nonlinear cat state. This would be achieved by recalling a nonlinear coherent states approach, as well as a particular class of Gilmore-Perelomov-type of SU(1,1) coherent state and a class of SU(2) coherent state. We then examine the role of photon addition and nonlinearity functions in the phase space structure and sub-Poissonianity of even, odd, and Yurke-Stoler nonlinear cat states. The effect of photon addition, which results in a π phase shift at the origin of the Wigner function toward negativity, interestingly enhances the nonclassicality by means of the Wigner function and Mandel parameter. Furthermore, owing to photon addition, we can observe a deformation in the Gaussian shape of the Wigner function, which may be found to be potentially useful in quantum noise reduction. Moreover, the deformation function shows a remarkable role in revealing the nonclassical behavior and can increase the depth and the domain of nonclassicality.
Abstract In this paper, we introduce some distinct classes of entangled cat states associated to generalized displaced Fock states. For this purpose, we use the formalism of nonlinear coherent states corresponding to nonlinear oscillator algebra which yields various kinds of f-deformed entangled states. We also take a particular class of Gilmore-Perelomov-type of SU(1, 1) and a class of SU(2) coherent states. We then obtain the amount of entanglement between subsystems of the quantum states of interest by applying the measure of concurrence. Furthermore, examining some of the most important criteria, such as Mandels Q parameter, quadrature squeezing and Vogels characteristic function, we study the nonclassicality of the introduced quantum states. The numerical results show remarkable values of entanglement, sub-Poissonian statistics of the field, and squeezing indicating that the introduced states can be regarded as possible candidates for nonclassical entangled states. Afterwards, we see that the Vogel function for quantum states of interests goes beyond the value of characteristic function of the ground state, which shows the nonclassicality of the introduced states.
The most general displaced number states, based on the bosonic and an irreducible representation of the Lie algebra symmetry of su(1, 1) and associated with the Calogero-Sutherland model are introduced. Here, we utilize the Barut-Girardello displacement operator instead of the Klauder-Perelomov counterpart, to construct new kind of the displaced number states which can be classified in nonlinear coherent states regime, too, with special nonlinearity functions. They depend on two parameters, and can be converted into the well-known Barut-Girardello coherent and number states, respectively, depending on which of the parameters equal to zero. A discussion of the statistical properties of these states is included. Significant are their squeezing properties and anti-bunching effects which can be raised by increasing the energy quantum number. Depending on the particular choice of the parameters of the above scenario, we are able to determine the status of compliance with flexible statistics. Major parts of the issue is spent on something that these states, in fact, should be considered as new kind of photon-added coherent states, too. Which can be reproduced through an iterated action of a creation operator on new nonlinear Barut-Girardello coherent states. Where the latter carry, also, outstanding statistical features.
In this paper, after a brief review on the entangled coherent state, a general form of the entangled nonlinear coherent state has been introduced based on the nonlinear coherent states approach. By choosing particular f-deformation functions, theoretical schemes for generation of two distinct classes of such states associated with SU(1,1) and SU(2) groups are presented. The entanglement characteristic of the corresponding entangled coherent states has been studied by evaluating the concurrence. In the continuation, other nonclassical behaviors of the produced states have been analyzed by investigating sub-Poissonian photon statistics, the oscillatory photon number distribution, one- and two-mode quadrature squeezing, and sum and difference squeezing. Accordingly, in addition to their entanglement property, other nonclassicality features of the introduced states are well established in detail.
We construct a distinct class of nonlinear displaced Kerr states by application of the displacement operator upon a state which is prepared by sending the well-known photon-added coherent state through a normal Kerr medium. A sketch for the experimental setup for preparing the state is suggested. We evaluate some statistical properties such as the photon number distribution, Mandel’s Q parameter, Husimi-Q and Wigner functions, and quadrature squeezing for the nonlinear displaced Kerr state and then analyze the nonclassicality in terms of these standard parameters. We reduce the infinite-level problem to a truncated discrete two-level system by using a low Kerr parameter approximation and then convert the generated nonclassicality into bipartite entanglement between the two modes of an output state of a linear optical device.
We have introduced the notion of ‘four-photon nonlinear coherent states’ (FPNCSs) as right eigenstates of the fourth power of the generalized annihilation operator A4. It has been shown that there are four possible sets of such states which all can be expressed as the deformed Schrödinger cat type states derived from the superposition of four nonlinear coherent states (NCSs) which are π/2 out of phase. The nonclassical properties of the FPNCSs would be studied for two well-known quantum systems, a Kerr-like medium and a trapped laser-driven ion far from the Lamb-Dicke regime. We have found that the depth or the domain of the nonclassical features of FPNCSs in terms of sub-Poissonian photon statistics, higher order squeezing as well as amplitude-squared squeezing are higher than the corresponding standard states. Specifically, the proposed states in this paper exhibit sub-Poissonian statistics over an extensive range of real amplitudes which is in contrast with the lower level of sub-Poissonian characteristics of four-photon standard coherent states. Also the depth or domain of the nonclassical features of the FPNCSs can be modified by changing the magnitude of the nonlinearity parameters. Analysis of the quasi-probability distributions like Glauber–Sudarshan P-function, Husimi Q-function and Wigner distribution function verifies the nonclassical nature of the presented states. Studying the cavity field evolution in the interaction of a single two-level atom with an even NCS in the framework of f-deformed Jaynes-Cummings model shows that such a system can potentially be considered as a possible source for generating the proposed states.