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arXiv:1405.7703 · Progress in optics

Quantum Limits in Optical Interferometry

Rafał Demkowicz-Dobrzański, Marcin Jarzyna, Jan Kołodyński

Published Jan 1, 2015• 531 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1016/bs.po.2015.02.003

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Optical interferometry is a well-known valuable tool for estimating an unknown parameter. However, the fluctuation of vacuum limits the sensitivity of optical interferometry. In order to obtain better sensitivity, the performance of the optical interferometry, such as signal to noise ratio and the minimum detectable value, need to be analyzed. However, in the undergraduate laboratory, almost of the experiments of the optical interferometry focus on interference principle but lack the performance analysis. In this paper, a Mach-Zehnder interferometer is employed for the evaluating the performance of optical interferometry in an undergraduate laboratory. The evaluation method is illustrated theoretically and experimentally. Based on experiment, we can extend classical optical experiment to quantum optics experiment, which appropriate for advanced undergraduate students with former experience in quantum optics.
Long baseline weak-thermal-light interferometry is widely used for retrieving astronomical information from an array of telescopes. However, optic loss in the baseline severely limits the length of baseline and thus limits the resolution of interferometers. In this paper, we consider the elimination of optic loss with quantum noiseless linear amplification (NLA). With a success probability of 1.98×10−3, one could implement a 100 km long baseline interferometry via 1550 nm quantum communication. This shows the power quantum information technique and its application in astronomic interferometry. Finally, the comparison with recent entanglement-assisted method is also investigated.