Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:1405.3220 · Transactions of the American Mathematical Society

The mean-field approximation and the non-linear Schrödinger functional for trapped Bose gases

Mathieu Lewin B, Phan Thành Nam, Nicolas Rougerie

Published Oct 5, 2015• 86 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We study the ground state of a trapped Bose gas, starting from the full many-body Schrödinger Hamiltonian, and derive the non-linear Schrödinger energy functional in the limit of a large particle number, when the interaction potential converges slowly to a Dirac delta function. Our method is based on quantitative estimates on the discrepancy between the full many-body energy and its mean-field approximation using Hartree states. These are proved using finite dimensional localization and a quantitative version of the quantum de Finetti theorem. Our approach covers the case of attractive interactions in the regime of stability. In particular, our main new result is a derivation of the 2D attractive non-linear Schrödinger ground state.

DOI
10.1090/tran/6537

Related papers

Derivation of Hartree theory for two-dimensional attractive Bose gases in almost Gross–Pitaevskii regime

Lukas Junge, François Louis Antoine Visconti

We study the ground state energy of trapped two-dimensional Bose gases with mean-field type interactions that can be attractive. We prove the stability of second kind of the many-body system and the convergence of the ground state energy per particle to that of a non-linear Schrödinger (NLS) energy functional. Notably, we can take any polynomial scaling of the interaction, and even exponential scalings arbitrarily close to the Gross–Pitaevskii regime, which is a drastic improvement on the best-known result for systems with attractive interactions. As a consequence of the stability of second kind we also obtain Bose–Einstein condensation for the many-body ground states for a much improved range of the diluteness parameter.

arXiv:2410.23150•Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées•Oct 1, 2025•2 citations

Improved stability for 2D attractive Bose gases

Phan Thành Nam, Nicolas Rougerie

We study the ground-state energy of N attractive bosons in the plane. The interaction is scaled for the gas to be dilute so that the corresponding mean-field problem is a local non-linear Schrödinger (NLS) equation. We improve the conditions under which one can prove that the many-body problem is stable (of the second kind). This implies, using previous results, that the many-body ground states and dynamics converge to the NLS ones for an extended range of diluteness parameters.

Journal of Mathematical Physics•Feb 1, 2020•15 citations

Derivation of Hartree's theory for generic mean-field Bose systems

Mathieu Lewin B, Phan Thành Nam, Nicolas Rougerie

In this paper we provide a novel strategy to prove the validity of Hartree's theory for the ground state energy of bosonic quantum systems in the mean-field regime. For the well-known case of trapped Bose gases, this can be shown using the strong quantum de Finetti theorem, which gives the structure of infinite hierarchies of k-particles density matrices. Here we deal with the case where some particles are allowed to escape to infinity, leading to a lack of compactness. Our approach is based on two ingredients: (1) a weak version of the quantum de Finetti theorem, and (2) geometric techniques for many-body systems. Our strategy does not rely on any special property of the interaction between the particles. In particular, our results cover those of Benguria-Lieb and Lieb-Yau for, respectively, bosonic atoms and boson stars.

arXiv:1303.0981•Mar 5, 2013•8 citations

MEAN-FIELD LIMIT OF BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATES WITH ATTRACTIVE INTERACTIONS IN R^2

郭玉劲, 陆璐

Starting with the many-body Schrdinger Hamiltonian in R~2, we prove that the ground state energy of a two-dimensional interacting Bose gas with the pairwise attractive interaction approaches to the minimum of the Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional in the meanfield regime, as the particle number N→∞ and however the scattering length κ→0. By fixing N|κ|, this leads to the mean-field approximation of Bose-Einstein condensates with attractive interactions in R~2.

Acta Mathematica Scientia•Jan 1, 2016•0 citations

Non linear Schrödinger limit of bosonic ground states, again

Nicolas Rougerie

I review an information-theoretic variant of the quantum de Finetti theorem due to Brandão and Harrow and discuss its applications to the topic of bosonic mean-field limits. This leads to slightly improved methods for the derivation of the local non-linear Schrödinger energy functional from many-body quantum mechanics.

arXiv:1901.09561•Confluentes Mathematici•Sep 25, 2020•13 citations

Improved stability for 2D attractive Bose gases

Phan Thành Nam, Nicolas Rougerie

We study the ground-state energy of N attractive bosons in the plane. The interaction is scaled for the gas to be dilute, so that the corresponding mean-field problem is a local non-linear Schr{ö}dinger (NLS) equation. We improve the conditions under which one can prove that the many-body problem is stable (of the second kind). This implies, using previous results, that the many-body ground states and dynamics converge to the NLS ones for an extended range of diluteness parameters.

arXiv:1909.08902•Sep 19, 2019•0 citations
We study the ground state of a trapped Bose gas, starting from the full many-body Schrödinger Hamiltonian, and derive the non-linear Schrödinger energy functional in the limit of a large particle number, when the interaction potential converges slowly to a Dirac delta function. Our method is based on quantitative estimates on the discrepancy between the full many-body energy and its mean-field approximation using Hartree states. These are proved using finite dimensional localization and a quantitative version of the quantum de Finetti theorem. Our approach covers the case of attractive interactions in the regime of stability. In particular, our main new result is a derivation of the 2D attractive non-linear Schrödinger ground state.
We study the ground state energy of trapped two-dimensional Bose gases with mean-field type interactions that can be attractive. We prove the stability of second kind of the many-body system and the convergence of the ground state energy per particle to that of a non-linear Schrödinger (NLS) energy functional. Notably, we can take any polynomial scaling of the interaction, and even exponential scalings arbitrarily close to the Gross–Pitaevskii regime, which is a drastic improvement on the best-known result for systems with attractive interactions. As a consequence of the stability of second kind we also obtain Bose–Einstein condensation for the many-body ground states for a much improved range of the diluteness parameter.
In this paper we provide a novel strategy to prove the validity of Hartree's theory for the ground state energy of bosonic quantum systems in the mean-field regime. For the well-known case of trapped Bose gases, this can be shown using the strong quantum de Finetti theorem, which gives the structure of infinite hierarchies of k-particles density matrices. Here we deal with the case where some particles are allowed to escape to infinity, leading to a lack of compactness. Our approach is based on two ingredients: (1) a weak version of the quantum de Finetti theorem, and (2) geometric techniques for many-body systems. Our strategy does not rely on any special property of the interaction between the particles. In particular, our results cover those of Benguria-Lieb and Lieb-Yau for, respectively, bosonic atoms and boson stars.