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arXiv:1403.4003 · Physical Review A

Arbitrary control of coherent dynamics for distant qubits in a quantum network

Shi‐Biao Zheng, Chui-Ping Yang, Franco Nori

Published Oct 21, 2010• 53 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We show that the coherent coupling of atomic qubits at distant nodes of a quantum network, composed of several cavities linked by optical fibers, can be arbitrarily controlled via the selective pairing of Raman transitions. The adiabatic elimination of the atomic excited states and photonic states leads to selective qubit-qubit interactions, which would have important applications in quantum-information processing. Quantum gates between any pair of distant qubits and parallel two-qubit operations on selected qubit pairs can be implemented through suitable choices of the parameters of the external fields. Selective pairing of Raman transitions also allows the generation of spin chains and cluster states without the requirement that the cavity-fiber coupling be smaller than the detunings of the Raman transitions.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.82.042327

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We show that the coherent coupling of atomic qubits at distant nodes of a quantum network, composed of several cavities linked by optical fibers, can be arbitrarily controlled via the selective pairing of Raman transitions. The adiabatic elimination of the atomic excited states and photonic states leads to selective qubit-qubit interactions, which would have important applications in quantum-information processing. Quantum gates between any pair of distant qubits and parallel two-qubit operations on selected qubit pairs can be implemented through suitable choices of the parameters of the external fields. Selective pairing of Raman transitions also allows the generation of spin chains and cluster states without the requirement that the cavity-fiber coupling be smaller than the detunings of the Raman transitions.
A simple scheme for transferring an unknown atomic state based on the pairing of off-resonant Raman transitions is proposed. The scheme is insensitive to the atomic spontaneous emission, cavity decay, and fiber decay. Meanwhile, in the scheme, operations between any pair of atomic qubits and selective parallel two-qubit operations on different qubit pairs can be implemented. The atoms, the cavity modes and the fiber are not excited during the operations. A quantum communication network for transferring quantum information can be established. Therefore the scheme would be a useful step toward future scalable quantum computing networks.
We propose a one-step scheme to implement a multiqubit controlled phase gate with one qubit simultaneously controlling multiple qubits with three-level atoms at distant nodes in coupled cavity arrays. Selective qubit-qubit couplings are achieved by adiabatically eliminating the atomic excited states and photonic states, and the required phase shifts between the control qubit and any target qubit can be realized through suitable choices of the parameters of the external fields. Moreover, the effective model is robust against decoherence because neither the atoms nor the field modes are excited during the gate operation, leading to a useful step toward scalable quantum computing networks.
We show that an unconventional geometric phase gate between an arbitrary pair of distant qubits in a two-dimensional network can be obtained. In the scheme, the off-resonant Raman transitions between two ground states of the trapped atoms, which, induced by the cavity modes and external fields, can lead to selective qubit–qubit coupling. As a typical application, this interaction mechanism can be used to realize unconventional geometric phase gates. The advantage of the proposed scheme is that the atomic spontaneous emission is effectively suppressed, which makes the scheme very robust against decoherence.
We propose a scheme for implementing quantum gates for two atoms trapped in distant cavities connected by an optical fiber. The effective long-distance coupling between the two distributed qubits is achieved without excitation and transportation of photons through the optical fiber. Since the cavity modes and fiber mode are never populated and the atoms undergo no transitions, the gate operation is insensitive to the decoherence effect when the thermal photons in the environment are negligible. The scheme opens promising perspectives for networking quantum information processors and implementing distributed and scalable quantum computation.
An alternative scheme is presented to realize an N-qubit W state with distant atoms trapped in spatially separated optical cavities coupled by optical fibers via a fractional adiabatic passage. The present scheme is tolerant to device parameter nonuniformity and does not need to accurately control the experimental time by employing the fractional stimulated Raman adiabatic passage. In addition, the excited states of atoms are adiabatically eliminated and no additional qubit is required. Cavity decay, fiber losses and atomic spontaneous emission can all be greatly suppressed in the present scheme.
A cavity coupling, a charged nanodot, and a fiber can act as a quantum interface, through which a stationary spin qubit and a flying photon qubit can be interconverted via a cavity-assisted Raman process. This Raman process can be made to generate or annihilate an arbitrarily shaped single-photon wave packet by pulse shaping the controlling laser field. This quantum interface forms the basis for many essential functions of a quantum network, including sending, receiving, transferring, swapping, and entangling qubits at distributed quantum nodes as well as a deterministic source and an efficient detector of a single-photon wave packet with arbitrarily specified shape and average photon number. Numerical study of errors from noise and system parameters on the operations shows high fidelity and robust tolerance.