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arXiv:1403.1598

How the Quantum Sorites Phenomenon Strengthens Bell's Argument

Forster, Malcolm R.

Published Mar 6, 2014• 2 citations
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Abstract

Recently, Colbeck and Renner (2011) [arXiv:1005.5173] published a theorem that appears to be stronger than the Bell (1964) theorem in a way that is more significant than the other variations of Bell's theorem that have been published in the 50 years since Bell's theorem. Colbeck and Renner themselves do not relate their theorem directly to Bell's theorem, so here I present a version of the Colbeck-Renner theorem that makes the relationship explicit.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1403.1598

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Recently, Colbeck and Renner (2011) [arXiv:1005.5173] published a theorem that appears to be stronger than the Bell (1964) theorem in a way that is more significant than the other variations of Bell's theorem that have been published in the 50 years since Bell's theorem. Colbeck and Renner themselves do not relate their theorem directly to Bell's theorem, so here I present a version of the Colbeck-Renner theorem that makes the relationship explicit.
In three papers, Colbeck and Renner [Nat. Commun. 2, 411 (2011); Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 150402 (2012); e-print arXiv:1208.4123] argued that “no alternative theory compatible with quantum theory and satisfying the freedom of choice assumption can give improved predictions.” We give a more precise version of the formulation and proof of this remarkable claim. Our proof broadly follows theirs, which relies on physically well motivated axioms, but to fill in some crucial details, certain technical assumptions have had to be added, whose physical status seems somewhat obscure.
Bell's Theorem may well be the best known result in the foundations of quantum mechanics. Here, it is presented as stating that for any hidden variable theory the combination of the conditions Parameter Independence, Outcome Independence, Source Independence and Compatibility with Quantum Theory leads to a contradiction. Based on work by Roger Colbeck and Renato Renner, an extension of Bell's Theorem is considered. In this extension the theorem is strengthened by replacing Outcome Independence by a strictly weaker condition.
In this thesis a recent claim by Roger Colbeck and Renato Renner is reviewed [18]. This claim concerns the completeness of quantum mechanics. Colbeck and Renner state that no theory can be constructed that is compatible with quantum mechanics, and gives more detailed predictions through supplemental variables added to the description of the state of a system. Their only assumption is that measurement settings can be choosen freely. We will argue that their result is for the most part valid and interesting, but the freedom assumption is not so innocent as it is presented, and parts of the result need to be clarified. Therefore, we will present a reformulation of the result. In our formulation the result is a no-go theorem for hidden variable theories satisfying Parameter Independence. This is a generalization of Bell’s theorem. Performed in the period 01-11-2012 14-08-2012
Bell's theorem is a fundamental theorem in physics concerning the incompatibility between some correlations predicted by quantum theory and a large class of physical theories. In this paper, we introduce the hypothesis of accountability, which demands that it is possible to explain the correlations of the data collected in many runs of a Bell experiment in terms of what happens in each single run. Under this assumption, and making use of a recent result by Colbeck and Renner [Nat. Commun. 2, 411 (2011)], we then show that any nontrivial account of these correlations in the form of an extension of quantum theory must violate parameter independence. Moreover, we analyze the violation of outcome independence of quantum mechanics and show that it is also a manifestation of nonlocality.